Browsing by Author "Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Agreement and Concordance Regarding Fertility Intention and Family Planning Utilization Between Married Couples in Dukem Town,Oromia Special Zone.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2011-05) Wegi, Chala; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    Background Traditionally, women have been the main respondents for the most of knowledge, attitude and practice survey related to family planning, contraceptive prevalence, demographic and health surveys and the like. The role of men has been limited especially in Africa where as men are the primary decision-makers of most reproductive issues including family planning. However, it has been now realized that programs that exclusively focus on either men or women may fail because most sexual, family planning, and child bearing decision are made or may potentially be able to be made by both partners together. Thus it is important to interview both husband and wives when ascertaining family planning attitudes and most other reproductive health research. Objective To assess the level of agreement and concordance regarding fertility intention and contraceptive use between married couples. Methodology A community based cross sectional survey was conducted on 422 married couple‟s in Dukem town which were selected by using systematic random sampling method. Both quantitative and qualitative method was employed. Data pertaining to fertility intentions and contraception was collected and the level of agreement (kappa statistics) between husbands and wives was computed. Result The observed concordance was 71.6% for ideal family size, 94.9% for contraceptive attitude, 95.9% for fertility desire, and 99.7% for report of number of currently living children. The unadjusted kappa statistic varied from a relatively low of 0.61(p<=0.000) for contraceptive attitude to high of 0.99(P<=0.000) for number of living children, for ideal family size 0.63(P<=0.000), fertility desire 0.91(P<=0.000), ever use of contraceptive 0.84(P<=0.000) and current use of contraceptive 0.87(P<=0.000) having kappa values in between. Overall greater degree of agreement was observed for reproductive health events as compared to family planning attitudes and intentions. Conclusion Overall, a greater degree of agreement was observed for reproductive health events as compared to family planning attitudes and intentions. The latter are more subjective outcomes and can be expected to vary among spouses. Thus, we can infer that for reproductive health events, wives responses can be taken as proxy for the couple‟s response but for family planning attitudes and intentions there is a need to collect information both from husbands and wives.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Assessment of the Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Use in a Dawro Community, SNNPRS
    (Addis Ababa University, 2005-04) Bezabih, Tilahun; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    This study was conducted in Mareka woreda SNNPR, Dawro zone. Mareka woreda was one of the rural woredas in short of basic infrastructures like road and telecommunications until recently. A cross-sectional survey with multi-stage cluster sampling was under taken to assess the determinants of modern contraceptive use in 733 childbearing age women. Crude odds ratio was calculated to see the association between MCs and independent variables. 95% CI and p.value were used to assess the degree of statistical association and multiple logistic regressions was also employed to control for confounding. Religion, ethnic group, residence and marital duration were among the socio-demographic variables analyzed and were not found significant. Age of the respondents and family size were found good predictors of contraceptive use. Women with a family size of >10 members were nine times more likely to use contraceptives than those women who had one to five family members. Proxy-socio-economic indicators like radio and ox/oxen possession and occupation were not significant predictors of contraceptive utilization in this study. But perceived economy of medium to rich was associated with less use 0f contraceptives. Reproductive factors like history of number of pregnancy a woman had was not determinant of contraceptive use. Number of Infant loss, number of abortion, and number of live births were also not associated with contraceptive use. History of abortion, and age at first pregnancy of women were found to associate negatively with contraceptive utilization. Where women who ever had abortion use contraceptives less likely as compared to those who didn’t have history of abortion and vii women who started to become pregnant in their later age use contraceptives more likely than those who started early. In this study decision on and communication about family planning use was a predictor of contraceptive use and couples who used to decide on and communicate about family planning were found to use contraceptives more likely than those who did not.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Assessment of the Magnitude and Factors Affecting Safe Delivery and Postpartum Services Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age Group Living in Ambo Town & Its Surroundings Area, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Centeral Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Argaw, Abate; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    Background: The leading causes of disability and death among women of child bearing age arise from the complication of pregnancy and child birth. Safe delivery and post natal care services form the pillar of safe motherhood strategies to reduce pregnancy related preventable women’s and their children’s mortality, morbidity and long term disability. Objective: to assess the magnitude and factors affecting Safe delivery and postnatal service utilization among women of reproductive age living in Ambo town and its area Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2009 on mothers aged 18 to 49 years who have had at least one birth during the last 5 years. A multi stage sampling technique was used to select the sample of 581 women. Data were collected through structured pre tested and semi structured questionnaire and check lists. The questionnaire consists of socio demographic variables, attitude of mothers towards utilization of safe delivery and post natal services. FGD, in-depth interview and Review of records were used to support the quantitative study. Data were entered into EPI Info version 6.04 and analyzed on SPSS version 11.0 for windows computer soft ware. X2 test and odds ratio were used to determine significance and strength of association between independent and dependent variable. Logestic regration analysis was done to assess the relation effect factors. The study was conducted after approval of Institutional review board of medical faculty AAU and informed consent was taken from study participants prior to the actual survey. Result: The study revealed that from the total, 389(67%) and 98(17%) of the respondents utilized antenatal and post natal care respectively. Women’s education, income, marital status, previous use of peri natal and post natal care, payment for the services were significantly associated with the utilization of safe delivery services at p<0.05. But maternal age, gravidity, parity did not show significant association with health institutional delivery. III On the other hand mothers residence, ethnicity, education, number of pregnancy, child birth and still birth, previous birth complication, and place (Delivery at Health institution) of last delivery were showed an association with maternal use of PNC at P<0.05. Income and Education were independent predictors for maternal health service utilization since they showed a significant association in both bivariate and multi variate analysis. Conclusion: Safe delivery and PNC services utilization depend on women and health worker factors. Demographic and socio-cultural factors were found to be barriers to the utilization of safe delivery services and proportion of births delivered in health facilities is low in the area. User and provider (health system) interrelation determine the utilization of maternal health service. Cognizant of this, investment on female education, providing information to mothers on use of perinatal health service (ANC), improving women’s income and status, giving adequate information to community about maternal health care are found to be more important determinant factors for the improvement of safe delivery and PNC services utilization.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Does Community Based Reproductive Health Program (CBRHP) Improve Women Status? a Comparative Study Between CBRHP and NONCBRHP Areas, in Bassonaworana District North Shoa Administrative Zone, Amhara Region
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2006-06) Atlabachew, Ayele; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    A Comparative Cross Sectional Study Was Conducted to Assess Women’s Status in Cbrhp and Non-Cbrhp Areas In Bassonaworana Woreda of Amhara Region. the Study Was Carried out In Ten Rural Kebeles in The Woreda, Five Kebeles From Each Cbrhp And Noncbrhp Areas. In The Study, a Quantitative Method Was Used For Data Collection. a Total of 620 Participants Were Selected Using a Multistage Sampling Technique. The Result Indicated That Mean Age Of Marriage Was 17.5± 3.1 In Cbrhp Areas and 17.1± 2.9 In None Cbrhp Areas. The Mean Age Of First Pregnancy in The Program Area Was 19.2 ±3.5 And 18.1 ±4.4 In Non Program Areas. The Mean Number of Children In The Program Areas Was 3.1±2.4 and 4.1± 2.3 In The Non Program areas. The Cpr Was Found To Be 64.5% In The Cbrhp And 25.5 In None Cbrhp Areas [Or=2.4, 95% Ci=1.5, 3.8]. The Study Showed That About 91% of The Respondents Knew At Least one Mcm In The Program Areas Compared To 70.1% In The Nonprogram Areas; the Difference Was Statistically Significant [Or (95%Ci) =4.3(2.7, 6.7)]. Similarly 64.8% Of Women In Cbrhp And 38.7% In None Cbrhp Areas [Or =1.93, 95% Ci=1.3, 2.8] Used At Least One Method Of Modern Contraceptive in Their Life. Decision Making on Buying /Selling Major Household And Agricultural Items Were Made Jointly In 74.4% Of The Respondents In Cbrhp Areas, While Only 36.9% of Decisions Were Made Jointly In None Cbrhp Areas [Or=9.3, 95% Ci=6.1, 14.4]. Similarly Decision On Seeking Medical Care Was Made Jointly In 68.5% Of The Program Areas Respondents While Only 41.1% Of The Respondents Decided Xi Jointly In Non-Cbrhp Areas [Or=9.9, 95% Ci=6.1, 16.1]. In The Nonprogram Areas, Husbands Alone Made The Majority Of Decisions [53.7%] About Seventy Eight Percent And 15.5 % Of The Women In The Program Areas Were The Decision Makers On Utilization Of Mcm Jointly And By The Wives Alone Respectively. The Corresponding Proportions For The Non Project Areas Were 65 % And 5.8 %. [Or=12.6, 95% Ci=5.7, 28.3 And Or=5.7, 95% Ci=3.3, 10.1]. The Perceived Standard Of Living In The Past Five Years Were Improved In 38.9% Of The Respondents In Program Area While The Corresponding Proportion For The None Project Area Was Only 6.8%[or =10.1, 95% Ci=5.4, 18.9]. With These Findings one Can Easily Conclude That Cbrh Program Improves Both Women Autonomy And Their Status In Many Reproductive Health And Socio-Economic Aspects. Civic Associations Like Women’s Associations And Organizations Working on Gender And Development Can Use The Cbrh Program as A Strategic Option To Improve Women Status. Implementation Of The Program Also Contributes For The Attainment of The Millennium Development Goals [Mdgs], Particularly For Goals 3, 4, 5 And 6. Hence, We Recommend that Cbrh Program Has to Be Strengthened And Policy Makers/Program Managers Should Pay Attention to Extend This Program In to Villages and Districts of the Country.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Reproductive Health Needs of Urban and Rural out of School adolescents in East Gojjam: a Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2001-12) Seifu, Alemayehu; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    A cross sectional comparative study involving adolescents aged 10-19 years was carried out in East Gojjam in May 2001 to assess reproductive health needs of rural and urban out of school adolescents. A total of 12 kebeles were selected from four woredas by cluster sampling. A modified random walk method was used to identify households. Data were collected from a total of 1001(96.3%) adolescents, of which 51% were from rural areas and 57% of the participants were females. About 60% of them were found to be illiterate. Out of the respondents 45% of them reported they had started sex already. The mean age at first sex was much lower than several previous studies. Moreover, 47% of the sexually active claimed to have more than one sexual partner. Though, knowledge on modern contraceptives and STD and HIV/AIDS seems good, 78% and 84% respectively, several misconceptions abound. Most of the study subjects belief that they are invulnerable for HIV. Only 21% and 13% of the sexually active reported to have ever used contraceptives and condoms respectively. Sexual activity was significantly higher among rural adolescents even after controlling for potential confounding variables, OR=3.0, 95%CI (1.9, 6.2). However, modern contraceptive use was ten times lower among rural adolescents in relation to urban, (OR= 0.10 95%CI = 0.04, 0.3). Forty three percent of the sexually active female adolescents had ever been pregnant, of which about 15% had a history of abortion. Despite having all these health problems, only 8.7% of the participants had visited health institutions in three months prior to the study, of which 70% of them were urban dwellers. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the majority of adolescents had incomplete knowledge and most of them particularly those from rural areas were found to be at greater risk of reproductive and sexual health problems including HIV. Finally, programs that comprise both promotional activities and reproductive health services that could serve the hard to reach out of school adolescents should be designed and implemented as a matter of priority.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Reproductive Intentions and Reproductive Health Care Needs of Men and Women living with HIV/AIDS in Nekemte town, East Wollega, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Regassa, Tesfaye; Fantahun, Mesganaw(PhD)
    Background: - Most people living with HIV/AIDS are in the childbearing age and face difficult choices concerning their sexuality and childbearing. Improvements in life expectancy and quality of life for HIV-positive women and men coupled with reduced vertical transmission will likely lead numerous HIV-positive women and men to consider having a child. Their fertility desire and reproductive health care needs of HIV positive individuals are changing as their health get improved and the change in quality of life. Objective:-The objective of the study was to assess the fertility intentions and reproductive health care needs of men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Nekemte town, East Wollega, Ethiopia. Methods:-An institutional based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among men and women living with HIV/AIDS from February to March 2010 on total sample of 592 in Nekemte public health institutions. Patients who visited the health facility and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were interviewed consecutively. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaires supplemented by qualitative in-depth interview. Quantitative data were entered and cleaned by EPI info then exported to SPSS version 16 for analysis. Result: - About 36% (n=211) of respondents desired more children. Men were more to desire child than the women 120(40.5%) versus 91 (30.7%). Generally people who desire children are being male (AOR: 1.706, 95%CI: 1.045-2.784), younger age 18-29 years (AOR: 3.493, 95%CI: 1.644-7.424), age 30-39 years (AOR: 2.975, 95%CI: 1.477-5.991), having no living child (AOR: 13.140, 95%CI : 5.347- 32.289), having 1-2 living children (AOR: 4.157, 95%CI: 2.166- 7.975), having partner who desire child (AOR: 15.402, 95%CI: 9.198-25.789), recent CD4 count 200 (AOR: 2.014, 95%CI: 1.158-3.502) were positively and significantly associated with fertility desire. Among HIV positive women who desired children were younger age 18-24 years (AOR: 3.508, 95%CI: 1.099-11.201), having no living child (AOR: 6.729, 95%CI : 1.958- 23.132), having 1- 2 living children (AOR: 2.975, 95%CI: 1.139-7.767), having partner who desire child (AOR: 17.430, 95%CI: 8.051-37.734), family size < 2 (AOR: 3.526, 95%CI: 1.469-8.459) were positively and significantly associated with women’s fertility desire. III Among HIV positive men who desired children were younger age 18-29 years (AOR: . 3.030, 95%CI: 1.218,7.537), age 30-39 years (AOR: 3.105, 95%CI: 1.408, 6.847), having no living child (AOR: 16.435, 95%CI : 4.281,63.093), having 1-2 living children (AOR: 4.652, 95%CI: 1.943-11.134), having partner who desire child (AOR: 16.734, 95%CI: 8.200-34.150) were positively and significantly associated with men fertility desire. Conclusion and recommendation Most PMTCT interventions have targeted women. However, men were more likely to desire more children than women, and men are often the decision makers in matters related to reproductive choices. Under circumstances in which many HIV-infected individuals, intentionally or unintentionally, continue to have children, dealing openly with their fertility desires make it to meet their reproductive health care needs. Patients who do not want to become pregnant require effective contraception. Those who desire children and are engaging in pregnancy risk behavior need education on the efficacy of PMTCT interventions which should target men and male partner of HIV-infected women too.