Browsing by Author "Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)"

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    Business Process Outsourcing and Competitive Advantage the Case of Ethiopian Postal Service Enterprise
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Melesse, Rediet; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The main objective of the study is to assess competitive advantage that EPSE achieve from Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) market strategy and its effect on organizational performance. To achieve this objective, the primary data was collected by questionnaires survey, interviews, focus group discussion and personal observation Secondary data was collected from customer satisfaction index, mail circulation index, Annual Reports and Strategic Plan (2011-2015). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentage, mean and slandered deviation).The population for this study was 20 top managements, 14 SPM string committee members and 10 SPM technical committee members. The top management consists of a General Manager, a Chief Executive and 18 Process Managers. SPM string committee consists of 14 mangers, 3 of them from lower, 8 of them from middle and 3 of them from top. SPM technical committee consist of 10 experts who are from different departments. The total population number of the study is 41. The findings reveal that BPO in EPSE has been very low and highly dominated by non core business function such as Janitorial service, Security services, Consultancy services, Maintenance services and Training services. The motivation for BPO in ascending order is; realizing key internal resource, obtaining a better organizational form, advancement in technology and expertise, lowering ongoing investment in internal infrastructure and lack of internal expertise. The finding also shows that BPO has a benefit to create competitive advantage, increase customer satisfaction, increase profitability, increase sales turn over, increase service expansion. It was recommended that the key determinant of success of BPO activities such as poor organization communication, poor choice of sourcing partner, inadequate planning and trainings needed to manage outsourcing activities should be consider before outsourcing activity
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    Customer-based Brand Equity: Empirical Evidence from the Private Banking Industry in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Kefyalew, Mulugeta; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    Brand equity is considered to be a very important concept in business practice as well as in academic research because marketers can gain competitive advantage through strong brands.The private banking industry in Ethiopia is expanding. Banks are trying to increase their market share and customer base by implementing various marketing strategies.As Keller (2003), states brand equity is a difference in customers’ response to marketing activities. Brand equity is also an important consideration for service marketers and should be managed as an asset ((Aaker, 2003), (Keller, 2003)). Private Banks managers and marketers need to understand what constitute their brand value, and where and when their brands add value. This study seeks to examine the practicality and application of a customer-based brand equity model in the private banking industry in Ethiopia with evidence from Awash International Bank. Based on Keller’s well known conceptual framework of customer-based brand equity, this study employed structural equation modeling to investigate the causal relationship among the six dimensions of brand equity including , brand salience, brand performance, brand image, judgments to brand, feelings to brand , and resonance with brand and overall brand equity from the view of the customers. This study used a sample of 344 customers of the bank who used the services of five branches located in Addis Ababa. The drawn hypothesis is tested using a multivariate statistical analysis method, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result of squared multiple correlation R2=0.74. This shows that predictors of brand equity dimensions explain 74% of brand equity. The findings conclude that brand saliencewith β=0.47 and P<.005and brand imagery withβ=0.39 P< .01 are influential dimensions of brand equity. Weak support was found for the brand feelings dimension. The inter-correlation between brand dimensions was all positive. Thus, brand performance, brand judgment, brand feelings and brand resonance might affect brand equity by influencing brand salience and brand imagery first. Further research needs to be done by incorporating other financial institutions and customers in other regions of the country to improve the generalizability of the results. This study shows that banks marketing managers should consider the relative importance of brand equity in their overall brand equity evaluation, and should concentrate their efforts primarily on building brand salience and image.
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    Determinants of Beer Brand Preference: The Case of Addis Ababa Beer Market
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-05) Hailesilassie, Kassahun; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    In recent years the competitiveness in Ethiopian beer industry has enormously increased specially after the privatization of government breweries to international well recognized breweries. Despite of room for growth and additional breweries are underway to join the industry, currently breweries are spending a large sum of money to attract consumers in using their brand. Understanding brand preference contributes in building strong brands and building long term relationship with consumers. This study analyzes the determinants of beer brand preference. Different literatures have been used in discussing the concept and to identify major factors that affect consumer brand preference. Consumer perceptions of sought benefits: emotional value, perceived quality, price, social benefits and situational variations are found to be important variables that determine brand preference. Questionnaires were distributed to sample respondents using multiple stage cluster sampling and Arada, Kirkos and N/Laft sub-cities were selected using random sampling. From each sub-city sample respondents are taken and results were put through different methods of data analysis. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis and multiple regressions were used in this study. Based on the analysis most consumers prefer St. George beer followed by Dashen and Bedele Special. It also found out that preference for beer brand does not vary with demographic. Preference and determinants of preference are consistent over different demographic groups. Emotional variation, perceived quality and situational variations are found out to be significant determinants of beer brand preference while price and normative influence are found to be insignificant in determining brand preference. Breweries should focus on distinctively positioning their brand from other breweries, able to identify its brand with different event and social groups and segment their market on behavioral segmentation methods rather than demographics.
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    Determinants of Turnover in Terms of Intention to Leave the Case of NIB International Bank S.c
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-05) Abdella, Tewfik; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The aim to conduct this thesis was due to the increase rate of employees’ turnover in private banks in the country. The objective of the study is to investigate Determinants of Turnover In Terms Of Intention to Leave in the Case of Nib International Bank S.C. In order to achieve this objective, the study employed both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data were collected by using questionnaires which were distributed among sample size of 318 out of 2240 staff working in eight selected branches and head quarter. The sample of study and data was analyzed by “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS Window) Version 20.0. The tests involved are ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression. Using cronbach’s alpha coefficient, reliability was calculated to be 0.93. The validity was specified by calculating content validity and internal validity. Sample size was also determined all employees of randomly selected branches and was calculated by Yamane Taro (1967) formula. The data were analyzed and the findings indicate that, managerial controllable factors such as salary & benefit, poor supervisor support, lack of promotion and recognition, have negative impact on employee satisfaction and commitment also these results contribute in employee turnover in private sector banks. The general implication drawn from the findings is that, there is no formal retention strategy at the bank. This calls for the new initiative by the bank to come up with good retention strategy and redesign HRM policies that will achieve positive behavioral, performance and financial outcomes
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    The Effect of Supply Chain Management Challenges on the Performances of Humanitarian Aid Organization: the Case Study of Addis Ababa City Administration.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Tesfay, Mebrahtom; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    Humanitarian supply chain is the network created through the flow of services, supplies, information and finances between donors, beneficiaries, suppliers and different units of humanitarian organizations, in order to provide physical aid to beneficiaries. Both the number of natural and man-made challenges and the people affected by these challenges have increased substantially during the recent decades. There exists a limited body of empirical research within the field of humanitarian supply chain and this study is presented to address this limitation by utilizing an operations research technique to examine, how the SC performance can be improved. The research presented is builds on “The effect of supply chain management challenges on the performances of humanitarian aid organization”. The study took a descriptive and causal cross-sectional survey research design to describe population characteristics and examine the effect of SCM challenges on the performances of humanitarian aid organization. The study also equipped spearman‘s correlation to determining the degree of correlation between the independent and dependent variables. For the purpose of testing the developed hypothesis, simple and multiple linear regressions analysis was used. The study was targeted to one hundred twenty three (123) humanitarian aid organizations at Addis Ababa City Administration. Data were collected through primary and secondary sources that were able to directly answer and fulfill the objective of the study, and cronbach's alpha was used to measure the internal consistency of items in the scale. The findings show that each dimension of supply chain management challenges has a negative effect on responsiveness, collaboration, flexibility and cost performances. Finally this study recommends that, it is advisable to closely working and collaboration with different partners and stakeholders is extremely essential to minimize the SCM challenges, and ensure service quality and sustainability. Therefore, this study is expected to fill the empirical gap in literature on effects of supply chain management challenges on the humanitarian aid organization, which need to be bridged to ensure that humanitarian supply chains are improved and managed on the basis of informed evidence. Keywords: Humanitarian supply chain management, Performances measurement
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    The Effect of Training and Development on Employees Performance A Case of Bunna International Bank S.C
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Beyene, Tsegay; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The quality of human resource is an asset to any organization and as a result training and development become an issue that has to be faced by every organization. The practice of training in any organization is continuous process to improving the caliber of employees. It is an attempt to improve their performance, it is also an effort made by the employer to provide opportunity for the employee to acquire enhanced job interrelated knowledge, skill and abilities. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the effect of training and development on employee performance in context of Bunna international bank S.C. The research is based on primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected using self-administered questioners distributed to 105 respondents taken as sample size from head office and city branches of the bank. The researcher used SPSS 20, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis to analyze the data collected and to evaluate the relationship between the two variables. The result of the study signifies that there is a positive and significant relationship between training and employee performance in the context of Bunna international bank S.C. The study also recommend that in order to enhance employee performance the bank should continue its training program so that it can build and strengthen employee’s competencies
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    The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Consumers’ Brand Awareness in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Mohammed, Nejat; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    In this technologically advanced era, it is surprising to see that how international companies are taking advantage of the internet. Internet has a significant impact on companies marketing campaigns. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, You Tube and Google+ have changed the way companies market their products and services. Social media has become an integral part of their promotion mix and has transformed the way companies interact with customers. It is a new field of research and a literature review reveals that not many studies have been undertaken specially in Ethiopian context. There are few studies which have been carried out without much scientific evidences, which have concluded that due to emergence of social media, the traditional advertising has diminished. Nevertheless the use of social media marketing in Ethiopia is at its infant stage. However, the current situation may not extend for long due to the fast growing usage of social media platforms, fast growth of internet penetration and the need for companies to participate in the globalized world in order to be competitive with international companies and to benefit out of this astounding technology. The purpose of this research paper has been to look at how social media can create brand awareness and its use in Ethiopia. This study is of an exploratory and descriptive nature whose primary objective is to provide insight into a new marketing phenomenon. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative method was used. It has been possible to withdraw necessary primary and secondary data by conducting an online survey and expert interview and also by referring related literatures respectively. A combination of structured on line survey questionnaire and structured interview is conducted to collect the required information. Both primary and secondary methods were used to gather data to attain best possible outcome of the research’s effort. The size of the population for this study is unknown as social media networking sites are dynamic and complex and they are impossible to count given that the number of members increases on a daily basis. Therefore, the researcher used the sample size recommended for unknown population by Corbetta (2003) which is 385. However, the researcher distributed online questionnaires to 500 respondents in order to increase the response rate. viii Convenient and snow-ball non-probability sampling method were employed to conduct the online survey and expert non-probability sampling technique was used to interview experts. The data collected using the structured online survey questionnaire via a link https://adobeformscentral.com/?f=x3MvHdh1gSo0flJzC2L9ag was analyzed descriptively using adobeformescentral.com and the results were presented in different forms of graphical and tabular representations The finding of this research paper indicates that most consumers pay attention to advertisements recommended and shared by friends and contacts on social media networks rather than the direct information provided or advertisement campaign made by companies. Recommendation of others which is known as electronic word of mouth is considered as the most reliable source of information to influence consumers’ perception about products and services and half of the consumers buy products based on the information they acquire from social media networks. On the other hand, companies are using social media marketing specially to reach their international customers, to create awareness of their brand and to improve their brand image. Nevertheless, they are facing several challenges which hinder the smooth application of social media marketing campaign. However, most local companies use other traditional forms of promotional channels most such as TV and radio advertisements. The use of social media marketing nowadays is becoming very popular worldwide and it has changed the relationship between customers and business and this effect will gradually continue to evolve in Ethiopia as new media infuses the culture and society. Therefore, the research suggested that local companies should use social media network to present their brands with enormous reach, endless communication possibilities and with a very limited promotion cost and grab the possible opportunities of exploiting the brand building potential through the richest and fastest communication form available. However, Social Media as a form of marketing will present a whole new phase challenges. Therefore, companies need to develop their marketing strategy with special care in order to minimize the risk and challenges of online branding.
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    The Interaction between Reward and Commitment in the Case of Ethio-telecom
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Engda, Teshome; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The main purpose of the research is to understand the interaction between different types of reward and commitment in Ethiotelecom context.Ther is few research conducted on the relationship between reward and three component of commitment in Ethiopia.The study tried to use Standardized and close ended questionnaire designed from previous literature which was distributed to 384 sample employees and then the collected data has been analyzed by using different statistics such as descriptive statistics, correlation, and MANOVA.Random stratified sampling was used to select the sampling unit from a toal population of eleven thousand employees. The major components of reward was financial rewards such as salary and benefit, and non-financial reward such as performance management, training, developmental opportunity ,Recognitions .With regards to commitment model , Allen & Meyer (1990) three component of commitment i.e. affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment was used. The result has showed that non financial reward has strong correlated with affective commitment and moderate correlation with normative commitment, both financial and non-financial rewards does not have correlation with continuance commitment. In addition, financial reward has strong impact on affective & normative commitment than financial reward does have. The results also give an insight to ethiotelecom should design appropriate non financial reward system to boost positive perception of nonfinancial reward
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    Perception Survey on Assessment of Barriers to Implement Green Supply Chain Management in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia: the case of South Addis District
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-05) Abera, Muruts; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    In the early days the concept of Green Supply Chain Management was given to manufacturing organizations. But nowadays it is understood that all organizations must take part to reduce environmental pollution by greening the chain between suppliers and end customers. Because of the awareness created by several institutions and its economic purpose to all stakeholders, Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is receiving an increased attention by manufacturing and financial organizations. In this study, the researcher aims to understand the barriers to implement green supply chain management practices and their solutions in commercial bank of Ethiopia. The study is based on detailed information about the necessity of green supply chain management and the challenges that the bank faces in implementation process. Unlike financial institutions much is studied by researchers about the necessity of green supply chain management on manufacturing industries. This makes the study significant to interested individuals like customers, suppliers of check bills and other relevant papers more than ever. The study adopts a mixed method of research design to reach at the desired result. Under quantitative research design a survey method that involves administering questionnaire to individuals have been used to find answers. In the mean time, the researcher adopts descriptive research type. In the process, a nominal data that represents qualitative research method has been gathered to characterize the demographic information of respondents. In analyzing the data gathered, it was established regression and correlation analysis between dependent and independent variables. It was established that lack of IT infrastructure, knowledge gap and lack of corporate social responsibility were the most identified barriers that prohibit commercial bank of Ethiopia from implementing green supply chain management. In addition, diverting primary objective of company, globalization, wrong first priority of suppliers and lack of education & training are the root causes to barriers of GSCM implementation in CBE. Furthermore, the relationship between GSCM practices and firm performance in CBE is found to be positively related
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    Port Service and Its Effect on Humanitarian Logistics in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Tadesse, Girma; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The aim of this study was to assess the significance of port service provision in humanitarian aid services and the level of organizations’ satisfaction in Addis Ababa. The main reason for selecting the topic was that the service the community demanded was not given significant emphasis, while the demand for humanitarian service is rising in absolute terms in recent years both from the public and donation. Hence, it is found to be a critical area for the underlined problem. The research design selected in this study is a descriptive, cross-sectional design. The data was collected all at the same time (or within a short time frame). The data showed that analysis of trend of growth of supply of goods imported for humanitarian services decreased from 2008 to 2015. The price change in 2008 was dramatically increased by 89.08 % whereas there are two years (2010 and 2013) which have decreased the importing goods in relief food and foods items by 43.25 % and 39.60 percent respectively. The result indicated that there is a very low responsiveness to customers, offering choices of non-standardized services; that lead by persuasions and incentives as a factor of port service demand. Flexible and adaptable to deliver high quality goods and services and empower citizens rather than simply serving those as institution are also the problematic issue in port service in Ethiopia. The correlation analysis illustrate the relation between the port service satisfaction and humanitarian logistics as it is highly or strongly correlated as r=0.705 and r=0.864 for correlation between humanitarian logistics and port availability and r=0.933 for humanitarian logistics with port cost. But port service demand has a weak correlation (r=0.046). It can be concluded that this study measures port efficiency or performance indicators use a diverse range of techniques for assessment and analysis, but although many analytical tools and instruments exist, a problem arises when one tries to apply them to a range of ports and terminals for humanitarian logistics. It is recommended as the need of a proper port performance measurement based on indicators: macro performance indicators quantifying aggregate port impacts on economic activity, and micro performance indicators evaluating input/output ratio measurements of port operations in the country
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    Practice And Challenges Of Logistics Management: The Case Of Commercial Bank Of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-05) Abi, Daniel; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    Logistics is a vital area of management within most firms, whether they are manufacturing or service firms. Logistics is important because it creates value-value for customers and suppliers of the firm, and value for the firm’s stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to assess Practices and Challenges of Logistics Management in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia Addis Ababa. This research conceptualizes and develops six dimensions of LM practice (Inventory Management, Supply Management, Warehouse Management, Transportation Management, Customer Response and Information Flow Management). The study employed descriptive design and both qualitative and quantitative approach were used. Data for the study was collected using a self-administered questionnaire procedure, where the questionnaires were administered to the selected respondents through drop and pick later technique. A sample size of 138 respondents was drawn from the sample frame using simple stratified random sampling technique to promote the needs for efficiency and representativeness from various departments. Data was analyzed by aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The study will be useful in the academic circles as it will contribute immensely towards filling the gaps in knowledge in the area of service industry particularly in banking as well it can be used as a base for future study. The study found that logistics management was not practiced effectively in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia. It also found that poor exchange of information, lack of integrated system, inadequate education or sensitization program are some of the major challenges. The study recommends that high degree of collaboration between various departments of the bank and deployment of logistics infrastructure and technology as an enabler. Also it recommends that CBE should be encouraged to adopt excellent human resource management.
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    The Role of Maintenance Repair Overhaul Supply Chain Management in an operational and organizational performance: The case of Ethiopian Airlines
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Wondimu, Million; Ejigu, Abebe (PhD)
    The Role of Maintenance Repair Overhaul Supply Chain Management in an operational and organization performance: The case of Ethiopian Airlines. The aim of Supply chain management is to improve the overall organization performance and customer satisfaction by improving product or service delivery to consumer. The specific objectives were to: establish the role of Strategic supplier partnership, the role of supply chain management Department in Maintenance repair overhaul , the role of Internal lean practice and role of level of information sharing & quality base on the operational and organizational performance of Ethiopian Airlines: A descriptive case study design was used. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS. The purpose of this study is to identify relationship between the supply chain management practices with operational and organizational performance in an Ethiopian airline. The supply chain management practices are include Strategic supplier partnership, Levels of Information Sharing, Levels of Information Quality, Maintenance department integration and Internal lean practice required to the organizational performance, while the operational performance is one of the dependent variable associated with the supply chain management practice that affect the company performance. This study uses strains of supply management practices with reduced the company cost. Also the practices from that cross are then analyzed. The results of this analysis can be used to find which supply chain management practices correlate with specific properties like quality, price, delivery dependability, product time to market and overall the company performance.