Browsing by Author "Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Applying 3D-Eco Routing Model to Reduce Environmental Footprint of Road Transports in Addis Ababa city.
    (2019-10) Seifu, Woldemichael; Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Road Transportation is the fastest growing major contributor to global climate change, accounting for a significant share of worldwide energy-related carbon dioxide CO2 emissions. It is therefore, this sector needs to undertake responsibilities for its environmental impact. This paper introduces a 3D Eco -Routing Model to reduce environmental footprints of road transports in Addis Ababa city for distribution vehicles, which adds one more degree of freedom to the system and allows driving routes to be optimized for minimum fuel consumption. The applied model in this study takes into account the effects of road inclination, varying velocity, and vehicle weight to evaluate the effects of road inclination on a vehicles fuel consumption and its proportional CO2 - Emissions, the 3D -Routing-Model is applied in three different scenarios within different vehicle weight range in the city of Addis Ababa, political capital of Africa, The obtained results indicate that eco-routes can yield significant fuel and CO2 Reduction potentials of up to 39.818% in the tested scenarios in addition from other pollutants eco routes saves emissions up to 25.650% in the tested scenarios. These numbers designate the importance of considering the topographic characteristics and fuel consumption in routing applications to reduce vehicles emission impacts on the environment. These findings have implications for future investment and policy decisions to concern eco routing strategies.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    GIS And Remote Sensing Based Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Change and Its Impact on Soil Erosion in Chercher Watershed: West Harerge, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-10) Tamerat, Sema; Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Soil erosion is a common land degradation problem and has causing great damage on natural ecosystems and human life. Therefore, this study aims to asses land use/land cover change and the associated impacts on soil erosion potential in Chercher watershed by using Landsat images and ancillary data. The Analyses result show that the watershed was dominantly covered by cultivated land (52.8%), bare land (20.6%) shrubs (18%), grazing land (5.3%), forests (2.7%), settlement (0.5%) and Water body (0.2%) Since 1987 57% of land use land cover has changed. Land covers change and a heavy rainfall event in the study area has resulted in increased soil loss from 32.91 t ha -1 -1 in the year 2018. The Spatial analysis revealed that the fragmentation of forest cover from Mountainous area and disappearance of shrubs from relatively flat and moderate slope areas, increased in bare land in High slope, and intensification of cultivation practice in relatively more erosion prone soil were the main factors contributing toward the increased soil erosion potential of the watershed. The result of land use dynamics indicated that Change of other land use land cover (LULC) categories to Cultivation and bare land was the most detrimental for increase the potential of soil erosion while any transition from bare and cultivation to grass, forest and shrub radiuses and retards soil loss of the watershed. The results generated from this study recommends that awareness of spatial and temporal patterns of high soil loss risk areas can help deploy site‐specific soil conservation measures and can serve as a spatial decision support tool, and as input for decision makers and conservation planners for future intervention measures in highly affected areas.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Groundwater Potential Zone delineation using GIS and Remote sensing Techniques in Sululta and Surrounding Watershed, Ethiopia
    (2019-10) Tamiru, Tolcha; Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Groundwater was recognized as one of the most valuable natural resources, immensely important and dependable source of water supply in all climatic region of all over the world. The general objective of this study was to delineate groundwater potential zones of Sululta and Surrounding watershed using Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing techniques. The present study integrated the thematic layers viz., Geomorphology, geology, soil, slope, Land use/Land cover, drainage density, lineament density, rainfall and other related features to delineate the groundwater potential zones using geo-informatics techniques. Integration of various themes was achieved through the development of a models/assigned weightages delineates groundwater potential zone and finally to generate a composite map. About 20 bore wells yield data had been collected to quantify the yield from groundwater potential zone map derived from geo-informatics. The final result map was reclassified into four groundwater potential zones by integrating GIS and Remote Sensing techniques and weighted overlay analysis with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. The classifications are very high, high, moderate, and low groundwater potential zone. Weight age and ranking scores are assigned to each thematic layer with respect of influencing rate of water percolation. Finally, weight age, multiply by ranking and computed all the multiply values for delineation of groundwater potential zones. The produced result was verified by comparing with the existing groundwater borehole databases developed by the Department of Minerals and Geoscience, Malaysia (JMG). The results show that there are good agreement between the predicted groundwater potential map and the existing groundwater borehole database. The study concludes that majority of the area covered by very high potential zones as it is supported by the statistical data of groundwater borehole wells and the new generated predicted groundwater potential map. The study suggested that, generated GWPZM will serve as useful guidelines for planners, engineers and decision makers providing quick decision- making in the management of groundwater resources.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Landslide Hazard Mapping Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques: The Case of Jima Geneti Woreda, Horo Guduru Wollega Zone, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-10) Lachisa, Busha; Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)
    The main purpose of this study is to assess landslide hazard zones for Jima Geneti Woreda using Geographic Information system (GIS) and remote sensing by applying multi criterial analysis. The causative factors considered to landslide analysis in the area was, slope, aspect, drainage density, lineament density, geology, land use land cover and soil type. The thematic data layer representing various factors were, generated by using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Using Analytical Hierarchy Processes the weight of each factor were calculated and assigned in GIS. To add these factors and produce landslide hazard map weighted linear combination was, used. Landslide hazard map prepared was, categorized in to very high, high, low and very low hazard zone. The result of analysis were verified using landslide inventory data. The result showed that the landslide hazard map agreed with areas that had recently experienced landslide and using this mode was very suitable in predicting landslide hazard and generating landslide hazard maps. The landslide hazard map shown that southwestern region of study area was prone to landslide. The correlation between landslide occurrence and causative factors was, correlated to examine their relationship. Based on landslide hazard zone various mitigation measure was, taken for stabilization of unstable slope. The present study determine that multi criterial analysis with GIS is a powerful tool in predicting landslide hazard mapping in the area. The future landslide hazard analysis and landslide intervention in Jima Geneti Woreda suggested for further researcher, land management and concerned body should have based on the present finding
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Modeling Spatio-Temporal Urban Land Use Changes: A Case of Burayu Town Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-10) Lencho, Amanu; Daniel, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Urbanization is the most powerful and visible force that has fundamental changes Land Use Land Cover around globe. High population increment leads to a quick expansion of urban growth, causing changes in Land use Land Cover in many urban areas especially in developing countries. Burayu Town population growth rapidly increased by 90 times within the past 35 (1984-2019) years and expansion of squatter houses is increased. The main objectives of this study is that integrating GIS, Remote sensing and Land use Land cover Modeling tools to Model Spatio temporal Urban Land use Changes of Burayu Town using Landsat of 1990,2000,2010 and 2019 year for the last three decades (1990-2019) and predict for future three decades (2050). For this study using supervised classification method, Maximum likely hood algorithm, the overall accuracy of Classified Burayu Town Land use for 1990,2000,2010 and 2019 is 88%, 92%, 93.6% and 97.6% and respectively and it is acceptable. This study results show Urban land use land cover changes (urban expansion) of Burayu Town area highly increased from 100 Ha (1%) to 4600Ha (46%) in last three decades (1990-2019) and for future three decades 5800Ha (58%) in 2050 if Urban expansion is positive effect, and if negative effect urban expansion is greater than this value is expected. Land Change Modeler and Multi-Layer perceptron sub model used for modeling using Factors and constraints and validating kappa statistic is moderate and acceptable to predict for future (2050). Now a days Burayu Town Urban Planners and policy makers lacks accurate, timely and scientific method of urban land use land cover changes and no scientific site selection for Housing development, for monitoring and resolving the negative consequences, and make decision concerning Land Resource management for better Land use management and Environmental development. Burayu Town Urban planner, Land Administration offices and Environmental protection offices use this basic information of urban Land use Land Cover changes and use scientifically site selected for Housing development to solve the society problems and avoid risks. Federal and Regional Government should give attention for the main problems of housing, infrastructure services and losses of Agriculture Land by modifying Land policy and giving Land for housing. Therefore modeling spatio temporal urban Land use Changes and predict for future is very important for Burayu Town.