Browsing by Author "Daniel, Abiye (PhD)"

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    Application of Major Narrative Techniques: A Comparative Analysis of Chinua Achebe’s Novels
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) G/Meskel, Tesfamaryam; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    This thesis tries to investigate the application of major narrative techniques used in Chinua Achebe’s novels. The main objectives of the paper are identifying the narrative techniques used in Achebe’s novels and pointing out the strengths and weaknesses of the novels in relation to the use of narrative techniques. In accomplishing the aforementioned objectives, the writer of this study tries to review relevant literatures in relation to narrative techniques. Then an attempt is made to go through Achebe’s five novels in accordance with the reviewed literatures by focusing on point of view and narrative time. In the analysis, it is pointed out that Achebe’s first three novels are written in the third person omniscient point of view. This perspective made the reader a passive recipient of information since he/she expects everything from the narrator. Achebe’s fourth novel, ‘A Man of the People’, is written from the point of view of a first person narrator. With all its subjectivity and unreliability, this novel is appealing to readers because of the narrators’ humanly appearances. Achebe’s fifth novel ‘Anthills of the Savannah’ employs the third person omniscient and the first person point of views. The use of the two points of views helps the author to minimize the gap that can be created due to the limitations of both points of views. On the other hand, no relevant difference can be observed among the five novels in terms of narrative time, except the second novel ‘No Longer at Ease’. The story in this novel is presented in the form of a long flashback. Because of this, the reader might find him/her self, connecting pieces of information in the process of reading. There are also deviations from the chronological order in the other four novels. Similar presentations can be observed when we look at the five novels in terms of duration and frequency. 8 From the analysis of the five novels, it is concluded that considerable attention is not given to the way the stories in his first three novels are presented. On the other hand, in ‘A Man of the People’, the author used the limitations of the first person narrator to foreground the overall cynicism that existed in the country. In ‘Anthills of the Savannah’, the author succeeded in overcoming the limitations of the first person and the third person points of views by substituting the two points of views in presenting the story.
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    An Assessment on the Significance of Literature in Language Teaching With Special Reference to Grade Nine
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-01) Gebre, Fikru; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    The main objective of this study is to assess the role of literature in teaching the English language and to check whether or not it could be applicable in Ethiopian high schools in general and in grade nine in particular. Hence, it has combined both theoretical and practical methods of data collection. The theoretical approach focuses on the review of related literature whereas the practical approach gives emphasis to the activities performed in the classroom to see the significance of literature in teaching the English language and its results. The paper all in all consists of five chapters. The first chapter discuses the background of English language teaching, statement of the problem, objective of the study, the importance of the study and its scope. The second chapter reviews related works on literature and language teaching. It gives detail regards to issues such as the nature of language teaching, its importance, the interrelation between literature and language teaching, methods of teaching language through literature. It has also given an appropriate space to related local works. The third chapter, in its turn, had given much space to the why and the how of the study. It also earnestly regards the methodology of data collection and all the processes and procedures passed through in the data collection process. This mainly involves methods of sampling, processes of data collection, mechanisms of the analysis and interpretation, the process of teaching language making use of some selected literary materials and what the outcome looks like. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the analysis and interpretation of the data. This has mainly focused on students' age distribution and sexdifferences, the pre-and the post-lesson exam's result, etc. In this chapter all the collected data are presented, analyzed and interpreted into two main ways. These are quantitative and tabular presentations. The quantitative approach has been set apart for the statistical analysis of the pre-and post-lesson exam's results. In the tabular presentation the sample student's demographic backgrounds and the responses they gave to the questionnaires are detailed. The final chapter presents the summary and conclusion of the study and the researcher's recommendation.
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    A comparative study on the representation of women in Addis Zemen and Reporter newspapers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2005-12) Kabtamu, Nardos; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
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    Feminism in Achebe's and Gordimer's Novels
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Tenkir, Daniel; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    This research aims at analyzing and comparing women characters in the novels of Chinua Achebe and Nadine Gordimer. It tries to explore the feminist outlook of the writers taking the portrayal of female characters. And also it uncovers the development of these female portrayals in the selected novels. And finally the research examines the role of female characters in their given society and in the given period. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, introduction, tries to deal about the background of the study and its significances and objectives. The second chapter is Review of Related Literature. It starts by defining important terms like feminism and attempts to give some highlights on women in line with the aim of the research. The third chapter is Analysis and interpretation women of the selected novels. The analysis tries to find out how the feminist outlook of the writers outshine women in those novels. In addition to this, it proves whether the writers portray the female characters in the same way or differently. The study attempts to give comparative analysis of the female characters of the three novels. The fourth chapter is summary and conclusion based on the analysis of the research. The conclusion recapitulates the core findings in a nutshell.
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    Images of Women and Plot Structure in the First Four Novels of Fikremarkos Desta
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Zegeye, Mekonnen; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    The thesis investigates two interrelated literary elements, the images of women and the plot structure in the first four novels of Fikremarkos Desta. The thesis has three chapters. The first chapter is the review of literature. The second chapter presents the images of women characters in the novels. It presents two types of women characters. The first type of these wo~en characters are portrayed as victims of their -respective cultures. They are denied enjoyment, free movement and property right. The second type of women I characters are characters portrayed as "strong I liberated" ones. -T-hbse characters are depicted as thoughtful, imaginative and assertive. They are also free to love and enjoy sex and they are not submissive and dependent on men. The third chapter deals with the plot structure in the novels. The study reveals the structural arrangement of the stories. And each structural part contains part of the story that a typical story contains. The structural patterns in the trilogies are almost identical. The structural pattern in Achame presents a history of a family from a grand father to a grandson in a chronological order. Filled questionnaires about the author and about Hamar are also appended.
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    The Images of Women in the Proverbs and Sayings of the Oromo: The Case of West Arsi Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Gonfa, Sena; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    The major goal of this study is to examine the portrayal of women in the proverbs and sayings of the Arsi Oromo and to asses the awareness of the people about the effects of these proverbs and sayings on women. To achieve this goal, an attempt was made to collect proverbs and sayings that refer to women and attitudinal information from two woredas of West Arsi zone- Arsi Negelle and Kofale. The data was collected using three types of instruments (focus-group discussion), interview and questionnaire. The collected data was transcribed, tallied and tabulated (for questionnaires), translated from the original language (‘Afaan Oromoo) to the target language (English) and finally, it was analyzed and interpreted qualitatively.The study shows that women are portrayed both positively and negatively in the proverbs and sayings of the Arsi. The image of women as mothers is a positive one, despite the fact that even the proverbs sayings that are used to praise women also reflect a socio-cultural attitude of the people and the sex-role stereotypes that are hidden in these proverbs and sayings. Even though the majority of the respondents have indicated that among the Arsi, proverbs are used to add flavor to their speech; to settle social problems; to correct misbehavior; to criticize, praise and encourage good behavior; etc., they directly or indirectly show the inferiority of women and the biased social attitudes towards them. In these proverbs and sayings, women are depicted as weak and dependent, illogical, irrational, irresponsible, ignorant, jealous, unfaithful, unreliable and unpredictable, and as inferior members of their community. Positively, women are portrayed as good house makers and obedient servants for their family. And it was found out that, the women have internalized the negative attitude the society shows towards them and they act according to the social code of conduct honestly. The elders attributed the cause of the existing negative attitude towards women to the cultural adoption of the Oromo people after the fall of Gadaa system due to the conquest of Minelik II to the region. Though they are not aware of the socializing effect of the proverbs and sayings that they use for their aforementioned functions, the respondents indicated that the proverbs and sayings they use towards women have both positive and negative effects on them. It is also found out that the transmission of these proverbs and sayings from one generation to the other generation facilitates the continuation of the existing images of women to the future, thereby causing women’s negative self image that results in low women’s participation in different social affairs. Finally, it was indicated by the respondents that this problem will be alleviated by: teaching the society about gender equality; increasing women’s participation; hindering the use of proverbs and sayings that undermine women; and by educating women so as to enable them defend the violation of their rights.
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    The Persuasive Power of HIV Advertisements of Radio Ethiopia and FM-Addis (97.1):A Textual Analysis
    (Addis Ababa University, 2005-11) Shibeshi, Ehetu; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    This paper, a study on the persuasive power of HIV radio advertisements (FM Addis and Radio Ethiopia) a textual analysis, is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, an introductory part, contains the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives significance,delimitation and limitations of the study. The second chapter is a review of theoretical perspectives related to mass communication, a dvertising and HIV / AIDS as well as aspects of persuasion. It a lso gives a review of related works. The third chapter, methodology, a lso presents the major method, textual analysis, and a particular approach, rhetoric criticism, used for the a n a lysis of the advertisements. Textual analysis and rhetoric criticism in particular is used to analyze and inte rpret persuasive messages. The chapter also sets out the parameters to be used in the analysis: source credibility, audience analysis and content characteristics of the advertisements. In chapter four, sample advertisements are interpreted and analyzed as per the parameters suggested in the methodology. The outcome of the analysis, therefore, revealed that though there are advertisements that seem to share some qualities of a persuasive communication, most of them have shown failure m achieving effectiveness in such aspects of persuasion as source credibility, audience analysis and content characteristics. Finally, the last chapter, conclusion and recommendations, provides a summary of the findings of the study with possible alternatives that would curb the existing problems.
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    The Persuasive Power of HIV Advertisements of Radio Ethiopia and FM-Addis (97. 1): A Textual Analysis
    (Addis Ababa University, 2005-11) Shibeshi, Eshetu; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    This paper, a study on the persuasive power of HIV radio advertisements (FM Addis and Radio Ethiopia) a textual analysis, is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, an introductory part, contains the background of the study, statement of the problem, objectives significance, delimitation and limitations of the study. The second chapter is a review of theoretical perspectives related to mass communication, a dvertising and HIV / AIDS as well as aspects of persuasion. It a lso gives a review of related works. The third chapter, methodology, a lso presents the major method, textual analysis, and a particular approach, rhetoric criticism, used for the analysis of the advertisements. Textual analysis and rhetoric criticism in particular is used to analyze and interpret persuasive messages. The chapter also sets out the parameters to be used in the analysis: source credibility, audience analysis and content characteristics of the advertisements. In chapter four, sample advertisements are interpreted and analyzed as per the parameters suggested in the methodology. The outcome of the analysis, therefore, r evealed that though there are advertisements that seem to share some qualities of a persuasive communication, most of them have shown failure m achieving effectiveness in such aspects of persuasion as source credibility, audience analysis and content characteristics. Finally, the last ch apter, conclusion and recommendations, provides a summary of the findings of the study with possible alternatives that would curb the existing problems.
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    The Role of Teaching English through Short Story with Special Reference to Grade Nine
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Aklog, Tezazu; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    The main objective of this study was to determine the role of short story in teaching English language, students were randomly selected from grade nine, assigned as experimental and control group. After that the experimental group was taught English language through short story and different kinds of tasks were given for them, whereas the control group was taught using only their text book. And finally to observe the outcome of the experiment both groups have been given post- lesson test. The results procured by the experimental group were better than that of the control group. The responses of the students in the questioner and the observation also indicates that teaching English through short story helped students to be motivated and inspired to learn and elevate their language skills. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded that teaching English through short story helped students to learn the four skills listening, speaking reading and writing, more effectively because the motivational benefit is deep- rooted in the stories.
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    Structural Analysis of Theme Through Technique of Yeshitela's Novels
    (Addis Ababa University, 2001-06) Badi, Martha; Daniel, Abiye (PhD)
    The obj ectives of this thesis mainly focuses on a n attempt to implement structural analysis method on texts, that help one to arrive at intended themes. For this purpose, Yeshitla Kokeb's novels Wogegta and Dosegnaw h ave been selected. The themes of these n ovels, eman cipation a nd commitment respective ly, are hig hli ghted through the utilization of ch aracterization a nd p lot techniques. The a n alysis of the techniques doesn't mainly fo c us on content. As a critique, i t is dealt here as an achieved content, the form, the work of art. Different structur es by which the form got constructed, had h e lped to explicitly show, how the t echniques are utilized for the purpose aforemention ed. Hence, those different structu r ing methods of theoreticians that proved to suit the analysis a re only applied. Moreover, the research er h as endeavored to devise h e r own structu rin g approach. The research has revealed that the economic, social and political life of our society can easily clearly be visuali zed through t h e utilization of different stru cturing methods. It has also proved the existence of a dopting t heoretical frame works ,whic h might h elp one to invent her I his own theory of structuring method. The firs t chapter o f this thesis comprises the introduc tion, a nd the methodology the researcher e mployed in analyzing the texts and the problems e n countered .The li terature review of differen t theoreticians, who h ave done analysis on c h a r acter and plot is s h own in the second ch apter. In Wogegta among oth e r s, the researcher h as tried to apply the most detailed consid er ation of the organization of lexies, which Roland Barthes distinguished as five "c odes" w hich a r e applied in the reading of a text. Structures of these literary codes, i.e . the proairetic code (code o f action); the cultural code (which refers to all the system of knowle dgeand values); the symbolic code (which refers to the theme); the connotative code (which expresses th emes developed around ch aracter s); and the hermeneutic code (code of puzzle) which help in the ch aracterization technique are attempted to be a pplied on the text in the third ch a pter. Moreover, the theories contribution to the advancement of the emancipation and other themes is also examined. Furthermore, in the fourth chapter, plots of Dosegnaw with its relevance to the development of commitment and other themes are endeavored to be structurally highlighted. Hence, Greimase's 'contractu a l sequence', Todorov's postulation of a set of basic categories, Barthese"s cultural code identification and Shklovsky's type of para llelism and their contribution towards the progression of the themes are examined. The researcher had intermingled Barthese's codes with characterization techniques and has attempted to establish viable slructures. The structures relevance to the development of the themes is a lso examined . Besides from among diffrent types of characterization methods, I have pinpointed those areas III the chronological characterization method tha t should be ra mified. Moreover, the researcher has adopted Greimase's "four term homology" into "three" so that it fits to analyze Doseganw th oroughly. Specifica lly, my investigation deals with : (a) Different ch a racterization technique th eories which are combined with Barthese's codes moreover theories of analysis of plots are also interpreted. (b) The effect of applying a characterization method on Wogegta's theme is explored. (c) The effect of plot construction on Dosegnaw's theme is also examined.