Browsing by Author "Berhanu, Zena (PhD)"

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    Contribution and challenges of NGOs in Creating Income: the Case of Economically Vulnerable Families participating in IGA Program of Ethiopian Catholic Church Medhin Social Center, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Million, Yemisirach; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution and challenges of ECCMSC in creating income for vulnerable families. The participants of the study were clients, staffs, and different stakeholders. Accordingly, 35 participants were purposively selected. The primary data was collected using qualitative data collection tools of interview and FGD. All data was collected in Amharic by using hand written notes and partly voice records. The analysis was made based on these notes and voice records. All data from the field work were organized, transcribed and translated into English. In organizing the gathered data, codes were given to each participant’s response. The findings of the study pointed out that ECCMSC is contributing in creating income for vulnerable families by building on the skills, knowledge and strength of clients to build stronger, more sustainable communities. Using IGA program the organization has achieved creating work awareness and change in saving habit of the clients, employment creation and empowering the women economically and reducing risk to children. Different stakeholders are working for the achievement of IGA program of MSC. The contribution includes donation of funds, experience sharing, giving training etc. Moreover, the study has revealed the existing problem of production and market place are generally affecting IGA program. Concerned bodies should have play their roles in solving the challenge. In working with vulnerable families social work profession will be essential. In order to have a better understanding, deeper research has to be conducted on the contribution of the organization on each specific income generating activity such as weaving, urban agriculture, etc. Key words: NGO, Income Generating Activities, vulnerable families, ECCMSC
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    The Contribution of Micro and Small Enterprises in Poverty Reduction (The case of the Business Sector of MSEs of worda 7, Kiroks Sub City, Addis Ababa)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-05) Kefale, Tesfaye; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    This research aims to invesligate Ihe role and conlribulion off MSEs in reducing poverty and creation of employment opporlunity with a special emphasizes on business sector of in kirkos sub-cities, woreda 7 Addis Ababa. For Ihe sake of achieving Ihe objeclives of this study a qualilative and quantitalive mixed approach was employed. The mixed approach helps to use I' various data gathering inslruments such as queslionnaires, FGD and questionnaires were applied and Ihe collecled data analysis in descriptive ways to understand the business seclar of MSEs in Ihe study locality. Data was collecled in Iheform a sample of 58 business operators oul of 124 through questionnaire,face-Io-face interviews was also conducted with 10 operators of MSEs and wilh 6 government officials and experts working at various administrative levels respeclivelyand FGD was conducled with 6 business operators. The respondents were selected using purposive and random sampling technique. Besides, datajrom questionnaires were analyzed usingjrequency and percentage and descriptive narrations Ihrollgh triangulation means. The empirical sludy elicited major challenges which seem to affect pelformance of MSEs in the woreda, which include: inadequalejinance, lack of working premises, marketing problems, poor enlrepreneurial skill, poor management practices, and technological and bureaucratic bailie necks and weak governmenl support. Thejindings indicate that Ihough the business sector of MSEs in the woreda have some contribution in improving Ihe living standards of those participated in the business, bUI its impact in creating employment opporlunily and bring major changes in their lives is very much limited. ltjilrther indicale that, government support, the changes of the working habits and attitudes of business owners as well are an important elements in increasing the contribution of business owners of MSEs in reducing poverty and creating employment opportunities in the study woreda. Based onjindings, recommendations in theforms of it implications to thejields of Social Works are listed that are categories under the themes of policy, practice, education, and research. In these regards, one of Ihe implicalions oflhe study lowards policy is Ihallhe governmenl shouldfacililale credit schemes and markel places for business seclors of MSEs at the slarl up level and during operation slages. Generally, the sludy reveals Ihat overall poverty reduclion cannOI be achieved by looking business sector of MSEs. An inlegraled development strategy has to be implemented 10 see meaningfiil changes in reducing poverty in the woreda. Key words:- MSEs, Contribution, Poverty reduction and Employment. Business sectors
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    Cultural and Religious Values of Caregivers at End of Life Care: The Case of Hospice Ethiopia Palliative Center, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-07) Endalku, Mahlet; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    Death and dying issue is what we humans find inevitable but most uncomfortable topic to discuss. In a country like Ethiopia, such topics are taken as a taboo and feared to talk about death and dying from the religious and cultural value we hold. This thesis is a qualitative exploratory case study aimed at cultural and religious values of caregivers at end of life care. The caregivers are both family and professional caregivers who provide care for people on the verge of death. The tools for primary data collection were in-depth interviews and observation in order to gain in-depth information. Purposive sampling technique was used to select participants leading to three professional caregivers and eight family caregivers. The finding of this study indicated that cultural and religious values have a great contribution while caring for people at the verge of death. It is important to give values as it has impact on the action of caregivers. In addition, the availability and use of social support has a great contribution and there are family members who are suffering lacking such support. Due to the cultural and religious values, family members have experienced lives that are stressful in care giving. Therefore, the finding has a good contribution for social work implication as the school of social work should incorporate courses that would give social workers a great skill and knowledge of palliative care. Regarding to practice, it is quite important to work with like-minded organization as to plan trainings, seminars and experience sharing programs. The finding showed that there is a lack of social work intervention in the area and it is important to study the view of clients themselves in the service provision. As the Ministry of Health is now giving attention to palliative care having the unit under its umbrella, there should be funding and human resources that could benefit for the quality of service provision and addressing large number of people
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    Experience of Eight Deported Women Ethiopians who Returned from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Feraw, Yemisrach; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    This study was done with the purpose of understanding deportation experience of deported women from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The participants of this research were eight deported women from KSA. Findings of this research indicate that poor working condition, low pay, religious conflict, lack of access to health services, sexual, emotional and physical abuse, denial of salary, suffering from deprivation of food and restricted from movement are the main experience of the deported returnees in the destination country. The finding points out that the deported women returned to their country by surrender to the police, the employers handed them over to the police and the police forceful detained them. Deported women returnees experienced lack of enough food, lack of proper sleep condition, lack of rest room, lack of medication, and overcrowding, sexual and emotional harassment in the deportation process. From the implications of the finding, it can be concluded that the school of social work should incorporate the migration as one subject and the course should be given starting from the undergraduate class, the school of social work need to enforce students (undergraduate up to PhD level ) to articulate the diversified aspect of migration and migrants life. The FDRE Ministry of Foreign Affairs has to establish a strong diplomatic relationship with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia government and should work in collaboration during deportations. All governmental and non-governmental organizations should be involved in assisting deported returnees during the deportation process. They, for instance, can play a vital role in offering trainings. Apart from pointing out the reasons for the deportation of legal migrants, the consequences of deportation on both destination and receiving countries should be well-investigated. The concept of deportation and deportation centers facility is the other area that needs further investigation. Key words: Deported returnees, re-migration, return migration, irregular migration
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    Experience of Eight Deported Women Ethiopians Who Returned From Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Feraw, Yemisrach; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    This study was done with the purpose of understanding deportation experience of deported women from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The participants of this research were eight deported women from KSA. Findings of this research indicate that poor working condition, low pay, religious conflict, lack of access to health services, sexual, emotional and physical abuse, denial of salary, sufJeringfrom deprivation offood and restrictedfrom movement are the main experience of the deported returnees in the destination country. The finding points out that the deported women returned to their country by surrender to the police, the employers handed them over to the police and the police forceful detained them. Deported women returnees experienced lack of enough food, lack of proper sleep condition, lack of rest room, lack of medication, and overcrowding, sexual and emotional harassment in the deportation process. From the implications of the finding, it can be concluded that the school of social work should incorporate the migration as one subject and the course should be given starting from the undergraduate class, the school of social work need to enforce students (undergraduate up to PhD level) to articulate the diversified aspect of migration and migrants life. The FDRE Ministry of Foreign Affairs has to establish a strong diplomatic relationship with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia government and should work in collaboration during deportations. All governmental and nongovernmental organizations should be involved in assisting deported returnees during the deportation process. They, for instance, can playa vital role in offering trainings. Apart from pointing out the reasons for the deportation of legal migrants, the consequences of deportation on both destination and receiving countries should be well-investigated. The concept of deportation and deportation centers facility is the other area that needs further investigation. Key words: Deported returnees, re-migration, retuTII migration, irregular migration
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    Exploring the Challenges and Opportunitiesof Poor Women in Microfinance Intervention: The Case of Specialized Financial and Promotional Institution, Clients of Chancho Branch, Oromia, Sulultaworeda
    (2014-06) Ahmed, Abdulahi; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    The central objective of this study was to explore the challenges and opportunities of poor women in SFPI microfinance intervention in Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfine, Sululta Woreda. Accordingly, a qualitative case study approach was used to undertake the study. Hence, purposely selectedfour key informants andtwelve in-depth interviews have participated in the study. Beside tothese, two focus group discussions one in urban and the other in rural area of Sululta Woreda was conducted. The qualitative data collected from the participants were transcribed and analyzed manually. The finding of the study indicated that,most of the poor women in microfinance institution get the opportunity of accessing money, starting business, detachment from local money lenders, enhancement in social relationship. Moreover, those poor women who have another source of income like land, livestock, house renting and also non loan diverters were obtained the opportunity of expanding their businesses, educating their children in terms material support ,improvement in income , expenditure and home utility, generally improvement in social and economic condition. On the other hand,the study indicatedthat, poor women in the intervention of MFI face various challenges that are related to the community, institution, the poor women themselves, and family.As a result, these challenges have been influenced the achievements of the poor womenin microfinance intervention. In addition, these challenges are accompanied by various social problems like that of leaving the area where loan has been taken, committing suicidal attemptetc Generally, these finding indicated that, there is implication for collaboration between policy makers, social work and microfinance practitioners and researchers to address the challenges of poor women in microfinance service
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    Exploring the challenges of rural people affected by leprosy to reintegrate within their community of origin and their coping mechanisms: A Study in ALERT Center, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Yirga, Melese; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    People affected by leprosy (PAL) from rural areas in Ethiopia have been sufferingji-om the bio psychosocial and economic challenges but lillie is known about how they have developed a variety of coping mechanisms. This study explored the challenges of rural PAL to reintegrate within their community of origin and their coping mechanisms after receiving treatment at ALERT Hospital. The study adopted the qualitative method with exploratory purpose. In-depth interview, key informant interview, focus group discussion and observation were employed to collect the data and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. It applied the nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling. Twenty seven participants were recruited for the study, twenty two of them were PAL the others were key informants. The findings of the study showed the challenges of the rural PAL such as leprosy reaction, loss of sensation, wound, deformity and disability. They also encounter psychological disorders like anxiety and depression. SOCially, they have a problem of interaction, stigma, discrimination and marital relationship. Their productivity and property ownership was affected by leprosy. Finally, because of leprosy they were unable to reintegrate within their community of origin after being treated at ALERT hospital. The study also illustrated their coping mechanisms such as hiding their health status, using traditional treatment, migration, going to spiritual places, institutional support and begging. The results of the study would be used for intervention programs by stake holders to enhance the reintegration of rural PAL to their community of origin after their treatment at ALERT Hospital and to increase their coping mechanisms. The study may have implications for different concerned bodies to advocate and to create awareness, for running case management and for further study to improve the health access and quality of care and to have appropriate policy about the rural People Affected by Leprosy.
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    Exploring the challenges of rural people affected by leprosy to reintegrate within their community of origin and their coping mechanisms: A Study in ALERT Center, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Yirga, Melese; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    People affected by leprosy (PAL) from rural areas in Ethiopia have been suffering from the bio psychosocial and economic challenges but little is known about how they have developed a variety of coping mechanisms. This study explored the challenges of rural PAL to reintegrate within their community of origin and their coping mechanisms after receiving treatment at ALERT Hospital. The study adopted the qualitative method with exploratory purpose. In-depth interview, key informant interview, focus group discussion and observation were employed to collect the data and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. It applied the non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling. Twenty seven participants were recruited for the study, twenty two of them were PAL the others were key informants. The findings of the study showed the challenges of the rural PAL such as leprosy reaction, loss of sensation, wound, deformity and disability. They also encounter psychological disorders like anxiety and depression. Socially, they have a problem of interaction, stigma, discrimination and marital relationship. Their productivity and property ownership was affected by leprosy. Finally, because of leprosy they were unable to reintegrate within their community of origin after being treated at ALERT hospital. The study also illustrated their coping mechanisms such as hiding their health status, using traditional treatment, migration, going to spiritual places, institutional support and begging. The results of the study would be used for intervention programs by stake holders to enhance the reintegration of rural PAL to their community of origin after their treatment at ALERT Hospital and to increase their coping mechanisms. The study may have implications for different concerned bodies to advocate and to create awareness, for running case management and for further study to improve the health access and quality of care and to have appropriate policy about the rural People Affected by Leprosy
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    Exploring the Psychosocial and Spiritual Experiences of Family Caregivers for Relatives Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-05) Hailegabriel, Kidist; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    This research explored the psychosocial and spiritual experiences of family caregivers for relatives diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The research questions, which the study addressed include, the family caregiver’s attitude towards bipolar disorder, how the family caregivers describe their care giving experience, what the challenges are caregivers of people with bipolar encounter in caring for their family member with bipolar disorder, the coping strategies employed by themselves to deal with their challenges, and how they describe their experience regarding the existing services which are available for caregivers.To answer those questions adequately, the researcher employed a qualitative (phenomenological) inquiry with exploratory purpose and cross sectional design. By using non probability, purposive sampling, family caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder were selected for the study. Amanual Mental Specialized Hospital was the site for selecting the study participants. Twenty four family caregivers of persons diagnosed with bipolar disorder participated. The major data collection methods that this study employed in depth interview, focus group discussion, and document analysis. The collected data through in depth interviews and focus group discussions analyzed using the thematic analysis. The finding of the study revealed that family caregivers have no adequate understanding about bipolar disorder, got into different psychosocial and spiritual crisis, different challenges from different dimensions and used different coping mechanisms. Even if they lead a burdensome life, services which are provided for family caregivers are in adequate. The finding also revealed that different family caregivers need supports from any concerned bodies.Based on the findings, the study have implications on professional practice, education, research and policy and program
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    Exploring The Resilience Of Widows Who Lost Their Partners To HIV. A Case Study Of 6 Widows In Suki Neigbhorhood In Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Alemayehu, Theodros; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    This case study attempted to explore the resilience of six widows living in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study mainly focused on exploring the experience and adaptive strength of participants during transition to widowhood and nature of environmental factors that have positive impact to the resilience of the participants of the study. The data was obtained from in-depth interviews with the six widows, who are identified through purposive sampling from an organization named Society for international ministries community support project. The study reveals that individual disposition and external social support play the major role for positive adjustment of widows. The role of family is found to be unhelpful in coping process of the study participants. Apart from the different supports physical presence is found to be supportive for positive adjustment. The study also pointed out social network at list the role of one influential person is marked as major factor for early coping of a widow. Finally, this study forwards implications to social work practice and for further researches
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    Exploring Tiie Challenges and Opportunities of Poor Women in Microfinance In1ervention: Tiie Case of Specialized Financial and Promotional Institution, Cllents of Chancho Branch, Oromia Sululta Woreda
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Ahmed, Abdulahi; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    The central objective of this study was to explore the challenges and opportunities of poor women in SFPI micro finance intervention in Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finjine, Suluita Woreda. Accordingly, a qualitative case study approach was used to undertake the study. Hence, purposely selectedfour key informants and twelve in-depth interviews have participated in the study. Beside to these, two focus group discussions one in urban and the other in rural area of Sululta Woreda was conducted. The qualitative data collectedji-om the participants were transcribed and analyzed manually. Thefinding of the study indicated that, most of the poor women in micro finance institution get the opportunity of accessing money, starting business, detachment from local money lenders, enhancement in social relationship. Moreover, those poor women who have another source of income like land, livestock, house renting and also non loan diverters were obtained the opportunity of expanding their businesses, educating their children in terms material support, improvement in income, expenditure and home utility, generally improvement in social and economic condition. On the other hand, the study indicated that, poor women in the intervention ofMFIface various challenges that are related to the community, institution, the poor women themselves, and family. As a result, these challenges have been influenced the achievements of the poor women in micro finance intervention. In addition, these challenges are accompanied by various social problems like that of leaving the area where loan has been taken, committing suicidal attempt etc Generally, these finding indicated that, there is implication for collaboration between policy makers, social work and microfinance practitioners and researchers to address the challenges of poor women in micro finance service. Keywords; Intervention, Microfinance Institution, Microfinance, Poor women, Special Financial and promotional Institution (SFPI), Sululta Worda
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    The Migration Stories and Pre-returning Experiences of Ethiopian Unaccompanied and Separated Migrant Children (USMC) from Yemen
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Molla, Bekele; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    The aim of the study was to explore understandings about the migration stories and the prereturning experiences of Ethiopian USMC returned from Yemen. The study was conducted using constructivist researcher’s paradigm of qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological inquiry with a cross-sectional exploratory study design. The data was collected through in-depth interview, FGD and observation from purposefully selected twelve participant returnee USMC, with the registered age of sixteen and seventeen. Addis Ababa Voluntary Assisted Returnee Transit Center was the study site where the data was collected. Thematic analysis that consists phases of familiarizing to the data, generating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing the themes, defining and naming the themes, and producing the final report was used to analyze the data. The study indicated that the experiences and living situations of USMC before migration was diversified in the form of family’s living condition, school dropout, previous migration, and marriage tracked divorce. The interconnected primary reasons such as migration as emerging fashion; family situation; absence guarantee for future; and desire for change were the major rationale for international migration of USMC. The experiences of USMC in the process of migration include strained foot journey, starvation, and physical as well as emotional problems. Dreadful experiences such as detention; bomb attack; physical abuses; emotional problems; imprisonment; starvation; health problems; military recruitment; loss of basic rights; sexual abuse; and dispute with the Yemenis were part of USMC’s life in Yemen. The study uniquely implied for comprehensive social work services; participatory policy implementation and evaluation; further research gaps (magnitude in the nation wide, experiences of minors returned from other countries, the role of social workers in the transit center etc.); and primary level of educations about migration
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    Social Work Practice: Roles and Challenges of Social Workers in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Temesgen, Hiwot; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    One of the settings social workers practice is health care setting. Even though, most of the time they do not have a well defined roles, social workers contribute for better health outcomes in health care settings. In line with that, this study focused on assessing the application of general standards in to social work practice, services social workers provide in hospital as well as challenges they face while practicing social work in hospitals. A qualitative approach, particularly a case study research design was employed in this study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the hospitals the study conducted on. In general, twelve social workers and seventeen other informants participated in this study. In-depth interview with the social workers and other informants and observation were used to collect data for the study. The findings of the study shows that, the social workers practicing in the selected hospitals apply most of the standards stated on the NASW Standards for Social Work Practice in Health Care setting (2014). Moreover, it has also been founded that social workers in the selected hospitals provide various services both stated in their job description as well as outside their job description. According to one of the major findings of this particular study, social workers in the hospitals face different challenges. Most of the challenges they face are related to the lack of awareness about social workers role in the hospitals they are working in. In relation to this, the findings also show that the social workers make efforts to overcome their challenges. The study also presents social work implications on the areas of policy, practice, research and education
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    Social Work Practice: Roles and Challenges of Social Workers in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Temesgen, Hiwot; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    One of the settings social workers practice is health care setting. Even though, most of the time they do not have a well defined roles, social workers contribute for better health outcomes in health care settings. In line with that, this study focused on assessing the application of general standards in to social work practice, services social workers provide in hospital as well as challenges they face while practicing social work in hospitals. A qualitative approach, particularly a case study research design was employed in this study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the hospitals the study conducted on. In general, twelve social workers and seventeen other informants participated in this study. In-depth interview with the social workers and other informants and observation were used to collect data for the study. The findings of the study shows that, the social workers practicing in the selected hospitals apply most of the standards stated on the NASW Standards for Social Work Practice in Health Care setting (2014). Moreover, it has also been founded that social workers in the selected hospitals provide various services both stated in their job description as well as outside their job description. According to one of the major findings of this particular study, social workers in the hospitals face different challenges. Most of the challenges they face are related to the lack of awareness about social workers role in the hospitals they are working in. In relation to this, the findings also show that the social workers make efforts to overcome their challenges. The study also presents social work implications on the areas of policy, practice, research and education.
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    Violence Against Women With Disabilities: The Case of Women Members at the Ethiopian Women With Disabilities Natonal Association (Ewdna)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Moges, Hiwot; Berhanu, Zena (PhD)
    The aim of this study is to assess the experience of violence on women with disability, the type of violence, causes, their impacts and implications. The study was qualitative, which employed phenomenology as a research design. In order to collect the data the researcher used ten in depth interviews, two key informant interviews and two focus group discussions on issues. The informants are ten women with disabilities who are members of EWDNA and were victims of violence, the project coordinator and a social worker. The finding of the study shows that women with disabilities have suffered a great deal from different acts of violence because of lack of awareness, negative attitudes, economic dependency and vulnerability of women with disabilities. Rape, beating, insulting, undermining, unsuitable physical environments, lack of employment and educational opportunities are among the dominant types of violence that affect women physically, psychologically, socially and economically. Based on the findings of the study, it can be suggested that violence is a common and serious problem and have negative outcomes on women with disabilities. Therefore, it is recommended that violence needs due attention and remedial actions and Programs from government, non-governmental organization and helping professions including social workers aimed at preventing violence must address these identified factors of violence against women with disabilities