Browsing by Author "Alehegn, Esubalew"

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    Determinants of Urban Poverty in Debre Markos, Ethiopia: A Household Level Analysis
    (Addis Ababa University, 2006-08) Alehegn, Esubalew; Abeje, Wondimu (PhD)
    The study assessed dete rminants o/urban poverty in six Kebeles: Kebele 01, 03, 04, 05, 08, and 12 of Debre Markos 1011'11. The source used in the study comesFom primmy data. A total o(2MI household heads were selected to undertake the research and a systematic random sampling \I'as employed to selecl households.A Logistic regression model was employed and estimoted based on the primary data, with the probability of a household being poor as a dependent variable and a set of demographic and socioeconomic variables as the explanatOlY parameters. By making use of Food Energ)' Intake , (FEI) approach the surveyed households are identified as {he poor and non-poor. Based on {his, out of the 260 surveyed household heads, 172(66%) of them were found poor, the head count, poverty gap, and severity index of the survey obtained as 0.66,0.21 and 0.09 respectively. The variables that are positivel)' correlated with the probahility of being poor ore. Sf.\'. household size, and disease incidence of the household Variables negC/lively correlated ,,.ilh probability of being poor are: incol~1e, educational level, marital status, emploYll1el1t. age. housil1g tenure, and water source. Variables, which affected significantly the incidence o{poverty in the tOll'n, are: average monthly income, family size, educatianallevel, and disease incidence o{ the households,. Religiol1, ethnic group, dependency, productive .IcII1Iily memhers, main sOIll'ce or wOler and SlUt us of eleCiric conl1eClion were found statistically insignificunt il/dim{or.l· III poverty.
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    Determinants of Urban Poverty in Debre Markos, Ethiopia: A Household Level Analysts
    (Addis Ababa University, 2006-08) Alehegn, Esubalew; Mberengwa, Ignatiods (PhD)
    Social safelY net protects individuals/households from Iransient as well as chronic food insecurity through different mechanisms: free distribution, public works etc. All over Ihe world safety nets are used as a part of social protection though there are differences in the design and implementation issues. Ethiopia has employed different types of safety nets such as Free Distribution (FD), Food-for-Work (FFW), Employment Based Safety Net (EBSN) and currently ProduClive Safety Net Program (PSNP) to avert problem of/ood insecurity at household. local, and national level. This study therefore attempts to assess the implementation aspect of PSNP at local level (Kuyu woreda). Different issues like targeting process, mode, amount and timing of transfers, public works pelformance and community participation in the decision making process of the program are analyzed. Primary dc-'a were collected using household survey focus group discuss ion and key informants in depth interview. SecondOlY dala sources were PSNP implementation manual (2004) and PSNP reports of Kuyu woreda. As to the analysis descriptive statistics were used together with chi- square test to see the difference between Direct Support (DS) and PW (Public Work) benefiCiary households view of targeting processfairness. Overall, the study finds Ihe presence of dilution and beneficiary lisl rolation in line with targeting process. In addition, poor geographical targeting within the woreda and corruption during Ihe first year targeting (2 005) are the challenges of PSNP in Kuyu woreda. On the other hand, transfer and public work activities are rarely demand driven. There has been weak institl/tionallinkage, and lack of active community involvement in the decision making process of PSNP. Nonetheless, gradually implementing agencies at local level have developed better understanding of the program and its implementation. Finally, the study recommends full family targeting, periodical community need assessment in line with payment and communily asset building, strong institutional coordinOlion commitment to wards community empowering, strong on going activities monitoring particularly the public work component.