Adult Health Nursing

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Browsing Adult Health Nursing by Author "Abenezer Admasu"

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    Outcome of Apnea Management With Aminophylline and Associated Factors Among Preterm Infants Admitted to Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024: Retrospective Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-09-18) Abenezer Admasu; Wudma Alemu; Yeshi Berhan
    Background: Prematurity (birth before 37 weeks of gestation) can lead to serious complications. One such complication is apnea (a temporary cessation of breathing) and this complication can be fatal. Management of apnea with Aminophylline among preterm babies has shown a promise by stimulating the respiratory center and improving respiratory function. But evidences on the outcome of aminophylline use for treatment of apnea in preterm babies is scanty in developing countries, like Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the outcome of aminophylline use for management of apnea and associated factors among preterm infants admitted to public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2024. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 randomly selected preterm infants who were admitted from Jan 1, 2021- Dec31, 2023. Using a checklist, data were extracted by reviewing charts. The data were then cleaned, coded, and entered into EpiData 4.6, and subsequently exported to SPSS version 27 for analysis. Variables with a p-value of <0.25 on bi-variable analysis were entered into a multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Factors with a p-value of <0.05 were declared statistically significant. Result: A total of 415 neonate charts were reviewed successfully. Although the majority of preterm infants who received Aminophylline for the management of apnea showed improvement, a significant proportion (32.2%) of them did not survive. The odds of death were higher in preterm neonates with: a birthweight of less than 1 kg (AOR = 18.9, 95% CI [4.6, 77.9]), a birthweight between 1 kg and 1.5 kg (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI [1.1, 7.1]), pulmonary hemorrhage (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.2, 11.1]), apnea episodes after the initiation of Aminophylline (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI [1.2, 5.1]), those who did not receive nasal oxygen therapy (AOR = 53.1, 95% CI [24.0, 117.3]), and hypoglycemia (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI [1.5, 7.4], p = 0.003) compared to their respective counterparts. Lastly, premature neonates who were treated with Aminophylline for less than 10 days had 4.8 times higher odds of death compared to those treated for 10 days or more (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [2.0, 11.4]). Conclusion and recommendation: These findings highlight critical risk factors associated with mortality in preterm infants receiving Aminophylline and underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve survival outcomes. Based on these findings, we recommend implementing enhanced care protocols for extremely/very low birthweight neonates, prioritizing early detection and management of pulmonary hemorrhage, reviewing aminophylline treatment protocols, ensuring universal access to nasal oxygen therapy, optimizing hypoglycemia management protocols, and conducting further research in these areas.