Process Engineering

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Browsing Process Engineering by Author "Alelign, Aliyu"

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    Extraction and Characterization of Sapogeninchemical From Agave Sisalana Leaves and Separation of Hecogenin For Pharmaceutical Product Starting Materials
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Alelign, Aliyu; Zebene, Kiflie (PhD)
    Saponins are of higher molecular, nonvolatile and complex structure compounds; containing sapogenin and sugar. Saponins are extracted and sapogenin is isolated from the agave sisalana leaves, for use as pharmaceutical product starting material. In our country, there is shortage of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Ethiopia currently imports more than 90% active pharmaceutical ingredients, in order to cover its demand. The purpose of this study is to investigate the production possibility of a pharmaceutical starting material from agave leaves. Saponins were extracted from agave sisalana leaves juice by macerating with ethanol. Sapogenin was then isolated using acid hydrolysis. The yield of sapogenin was maximums at the hydrolysis parameters of 70 o C, 4M (Acid concentration) and 3:00hr and 30min and it was minimums at o 60 C, 2M and 1:00and 30min. Sapogenin is used for semi synthesis of cortisone and sex hormones drug formulation. Saponin and sapogenin were characterized by both qualitative (saponin foam test and Leiberman –burchard steroid test) and analytical methods (NMR, FTIR, and Spectroscopy photometer). The results of NMR Spectroscopy identified 27carbon atom. UV-Spectroscopy photometers peaks show sapogenin at 430 nm. The functional groups were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. Qualitative Saponin foam and steroid test results showed, that it created foam stable for 30min and its color changed from violate to blue green. Generally effectively extracts saponin by macerating from sisal leaves juice and isolation of sapogenin by acid hydrolysis of saponin. The yield of sapogenin was characterized by analytical and qualitative methods. The physicochemical characterization result shown as the hydrolysis yield is sapogenin.