Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2017-08
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction: Acute watery diarrhea(AWD) is a diarrheal disease caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium vibrio cholera commonly either type O1 or O139. Both children and adults can be infected. About 20% of those who are infected develop acute watery diarrhea 10-20% of these individuals develop severe watery diarrhea with vomiting. If these patients are not promptly and adequately treated the loss of large amount of fluid and electrolytes can lead to sever dehydration and death within hours. The case fatality rate in untreated cases may reach 30-50%. We received reports of AWD outbreak in Burayu. Burayu town is one of the Oromia town with a total population of 131,721. when we see by sex female 67,178 and male 64,543. The town is divided in to six kebeles and has two health centers.
Methods: A suspected case was defined as any person aged 5 years or more who developed acute watery diarrhea, with or without vomiting. We perform a descriptive study followed by unmatched case control 33 cases and 33 control by using structured questionnaires to collect data starting from 6/7/2016 – 21/7/2016 G.C in Burayu town.
Result: A total of 54 Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD) cases and two deaths were reported from June 14 to July 20 /2016 from the six kebeles. And two deaths of AWD cases with 3.7% case fatality rate may be due to patient came to health center after severely dehydrated, 34 males (62.96%) and 20 females (37%) were reported. More affected kebeles are Melka Gefersa (30%), Gefersa Nono (20.4%), Leku Keta (19%), Gefersa Guje (13%), Gefersa Burayu (9.25%) and Burayu Keta (9.25%) cases and the two deaths were from Melka Gefersa.
Conclusion: A total of 54 AWD cases reported from Burayu town. All six kebeles; Melka Gefersa (30%), Leku Keta (19%), Gefersa Nono (20.4%), Gefersa Guje (13%), Burayu Keta (9.25%), Gefersa Burayu (9.25%)and also two deaths reported from Melka Gefersa kebele with case fatality rate12.5. When we see cases by sex males (63%) are more affected than females. The significant factor of the outbreak drinking untreated water was a risk for the disease and hand washing with soap and water before meal and hand washing with water and soap after going to the toilet protective of the disease. and lack of hygiene and sanitation. We recommend continuous health education to give awareness about the disease condition and transmission, hygiene and sanitation, availability of safe water supply system and water treatment.
Key words – AWD, Outbreak in Burayu town, June/ 2016
Description
Keywords
AWD, Outbreak in Burayu town, June/ 2016