The Practice and Role of Gumaa Traditions in Conflict Resolution among the Oromo of Wayyuu Shanan: The Case of Adami Tullu Jido Kombolcha Woreda
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Date
2021-06
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AAU
Abstract
The major purpose of this study was to assess the practice and role of Gumaa in conflict
resolution among Wayyuu Shanan. To do that, a Case Study design was employed and 42
participants were selected using purposive sampling technique. Key Informant Interview and
Focus Group Discussion used as data collection instruments in which qualitative data generated
from interview, and focus group discussion. To address research questions, data were
thematically analyzed by arranging, organizing, and coding them to themes. First, result
indicated a suicidal case, physical injuries, rape and property destruction resolved by Gumaa.
The reconciliation process starts with the offender’s supplication or payment of Shimoto the
victim’s members. The ritual processes are held to compensate, clean hands, and share blessings.
Verdict enforced through Edir, Ekub, sanction, and curse. Secondly, the result revealed
knowledge of Gadaa system; societal norms and values, communication skills, discipline, and
obedience are required criteria from elders. The third result show, there is a difference in
compensation across disputes. Finally, Gumaa is time effective, prevents revenge and financial
saving whereas it lacks awareness, literature, and attention. Based on the study results, the
following conclusion and implications were drawn. First, Gumaa handles serious conflict cases
in which it serves as the final decision-making system. Second, elders who hold Gumaa matters
must be a model of peace through their activities and know and obey Gadaa System which
regulates societal norms and values. Third, to give balanced compensation, elders consider the
severity, circumstance, and values of things. Lastly, Gumaa practice is effective in conflict
resolution despite many challenges which precipitating it to deteriorate