Epidemiology of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Three Agroecologies in Central Oromia Ethiopia
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Date
2006-06
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Addis Ababa University Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine
Abstract
" cross-sectIonal ~cro-cpidcrnJl)logical study or 110\ IIlC brucellos is \\ ;\s carned out in
thn:c difcfcrcnmt ngroccologlcs of cellt ral Oromia. Ethiopia. T he stud) \\as conducted
li'orn Sept em her 2005 to ~larch 2U06 to dctcnnlllC the o\erall c urrcllI cpi dcmi ologicnl
pi c ture of Ihe disease and the effect of pot ential risk f~lcto rs in the stud y areas. A total of
176 households (ElrillS) and the 1238 illlll11 a is were selected randomly by Olle stage
cluster sa mplin g method from all tht: three agro-ccological arcas. From the lowla nd areas.
59 households and -l2J ~1Il1I1lal~' \\"lfC sd .:tL'1 1 '.\ 1,11 "S 1, uscholt1s lid S:- ,\jllln.tlS ,\..:n:
selected from the lllid-hi~h1alld arC;I'-' 31H I ';;9 hnu<;ch,)lds and ·no :lllirn .. lI!' fr01ll the
highland areas. Serum samples (12~Sl were collecled once from <'111 animals abo \ c si x
month of age and \\ ere tested uS1I1g RBPT (a'i a screening lesl) Jnd eFT (~ I S a
confinnJlory lesl) to detect brucdl.1 :-,':~I,.lPl'Slli\it). Quc"tlOlln:mcs \'.1.1 .... ,II so administered
to the 176 households 10 gather IIlfOnll<1tlon on f:mll and CO\\ allnbulcs. The results
.showed Ihal Ihc o\'crall serapn.;\ alence ofbo\ lIle hrucellosis at CO\\ le\'el \\ as 2 <)()O II. The
sero pre\'a\cnce \.Inct! from 1.IJ.l"n IIlllle Illid-highland. ~A8u~o lilihe highland and -l .26n,o
III the 10\\ land. The o\erall hcrd k\c1 seroprc\alcncc \\JS IJ ,6 -l °o. At herd le\cl. the
seroprnaJcnce \\as IS.6-l"u 111 Ihe l11ghblld . I'''" 111 the 10\\13nd Jnd 5.1"'°". in mid-
altitude agroecology. The result of lllll\'aratc logisllc regression shO\\ctl th,lI breed Jnd
managemcnl had stallstlcally s!gnlficant effect on co\\ le\ cl bonne brucellosis
seropre\'alcncc (p':(J.05) III the o\erall studIed areas. In the 10\\ land. breed (p..-:O.05 ).
rnanagcme!H system (p' (Ull). Illtltlllg method (p lUll) ,lilt! source of replacement stock
(J><...(J.OI) had slgmlicallt elTeel on thc CO\\ len;-1 sc roprc\alencc of bo\"ine brucellosis. In
the muhl\ariate 10::;lstlc regn .. 'sslon tl::;t. olll} management j~ICtor had slglllfieallt effect III
thc lowland areas (., (I (If 1) T]
potcntial fisk factors conSidered on the 0\ crall and agroecolog). specific scroprc\'atcncc
(1'>0.05). The resuits of questionnaire sur\'e~ showed that ra rm ers had 10 \\ awarencss on
hrucclJosls and were not practiclllg the necessar) preC<lUIlOnS to prc\'cnt and cont!'Ol thr
disease. In conclusion. IIldi\idui.1i animal serorrc\alence \\ as 10\\ \\ hi Ie moderate
seroprnalencc was ohscned at hcrd level. I3rccd. management systelll. IF'rd Sl/e. mating
method and sources of rcpiac(:l11cnt stock \\cre round to be Important risk raclOrs to
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hovin\.! brucdlosis ill Ihc study ar\.!as
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Keywords
Bovine. brucellosis brucellosis. scroprcvalctlcc. agroccology. Orolllia. Ethiopia