Sero-prevalence of HBsAgamong Pregnant Women and Rate of Vertical Transmission in Selected Health Facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women who are carriers of the HBV pose a significant risk to their health
andnewborn babies. Majority of countries in developing world have not yet adopted universal
screening for pregnant women.There are limited studies on maternal and their newborns HBV
status in Ethiopia.
Objective: - To determine the sero-prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant woman and rate of
vertical transmission in selected health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: A prospective cross sectional studywasconductedat two hospitals from January– April,
2018 G/C. Sociodemographic data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire.
Serawere collected to determine the HBSAg usingImmunochromatographic test kit
andconfirmation by ELISA. Data entry and analyseswere done using SPSS 20 statistical software.
Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Proportions and the corresponding 95% CI
were presented. Mean and standard deviation wereused for numerical variables. Frequencies
wereused for categorical variables. Bivariate analysis was carried out to see association between
dependent and independent variables. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant associations.
Results:A total of 420 samples from mothers and cord blood from newborns of positive mothers
were collected. Of these 404(96.2%) lived in rural part of the country, 87 % (357)and 58.6 %
(246) were married and have primary level education, respectively.Government workers
accounted 20.7 % (87)of the study participants and 74.8% did not havehistory of blood
transfusion. In this study 3 % (13)of pregnant women were vaccinated and 14,5 % (61)were in
their first time pregnancy. Among 420 participants,2.38 % (10/420)were positive for HBV and
no mother to child transmissionwas observed.
Conclusion:Although the low prevalence ratein this study concurs with what has been
categorized as intermediate endemicity and no vertical transmission is noted,every pregnant
woman should be testedfor HBV and check mother to child transmission.
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Keywords
HBsAg test, Vertical transmission of HBsAg, prevalence of HBsAg, pregnancy