Sero-prevalence of HBsAgamong Pregnant Women and Rate of Vertical Transmission in Selected Health Facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Pregnant women who are carriers of the HBV pose a significant risk to their healthandnewborn babies. Majority of countries in developing world have not yet adopted universalscreening for pregnant women.There are limited studies on maternal and their newborns HBVstatus in Ethiopia.
Objective: - To determine the sero-prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant woman and rate ofvertical transmission in selected health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: A prospective cross sectional studywasconductedat two hospitals from January– April,2018 G/C. Sociodemographic data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire.Serawere collected to determine the HBSAg usingImmunochromatographic test kitandconfirmation by ELISA. Data entry and analyseswere done using SPSS 20 statistical software.Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Proportions and the corresponding 95% CIwere presented. Mean and standard deviation wereused for numerical variables. Frequencieswereused for categorical variables. Bivariate analysis was carried out to see association betweendependent and independent variables. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant associations.
Results:A total of 420 samples from mothers and cord blood from newborns of positive motherswere collected. Of these 404(96.2%) lived in rural part of the country, 87 % (357)and 58.6 %(246) were married and have primary level education, respectively.Government workersaccounted 20.7 % (87)of the study participants and 74.8% did not havehistory of bloodtransfusion. In this study 3 % (13)of pregnant women were vaccinated and 14,5 % (61)were intheir first time pregnancy. Among 420 participants,2.38 % (10/420)were positive for HBV and no mother to child transmissionwas observed.
Conclusion:Although the low prevalence ratein this study concurs with what has beencategorized as intermediate endemicity and no vertical transmission is noted,every pregnant woman should be testedfor HBV and check mother to child transmission.
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Keywords
HBsAg test, Vertical transmission of HBsAg, prevalence of HBsAg, pregnancy