Rate of HIV Sero-Conversion among Sero-Negative Male Partners Living with HIV Positive Women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019 .
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: HIV AIDS related mortality and morbidity become a challenge for the world.Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia is the most affected region and one of the reasons for new HIV infection is HIV transmissions from the sero-positive partners to their sero-negative partners among discordant couples. Despite, high risk of HIV transmission from positive partner to negative partner among discordant couples, research, and follow up intervention are minimal in Ethiopia.
Objective: This study aimed to assess rate of HIV sero-conversion and predictors among seronegative male partners living with HIV positive women
in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2019.
Method:Institutional based retrospective cohort supplemented by in-depth interview(Convergent parallel mixed method) was used to conduct the study. All eligible two hundred twenty seven (227) sample medical records used for the quantitative study. Thirteen purposively selected male partners were involved in the in-depth interview. Epi-data version 4.2 and SPSS version 25 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Cox regression
was used to identify predictor variables. The in-depth interview analyzed thematically through ATLAS-ti7 software.
Result: In this study, 227 sero-negative male partners living with HIV positive women were followed for a total of 60 months and 38(16.7%) sero-conversion were observed. The overall sero-conversion rate in the cohort during the 7156 person-years of observation (PYO) was 6.4
per 100 (95% CI: 0.0038639- 0.0072979) person-year follow up. Time of ART initiation, CD4count, condom use, and desire of pregnancy were identified significant predictor of seroconversion.Sero-negative male partners living with HIV positive women experienced challenging life situations because of fertility desire, fear of HIV infection, deciding to continue with their relationship, lack of special support method, fear of discrimination,
hopelessness and lose confidence.
Conclusion and recommendation: Risk of HIV transmission from positive partner to their sero-negative partner was poorly controlled discordant couples. Therefore, consistent condom use and early ART treatment initiation should get emphasis among discordant couples. Desire of fertility should be considered under medical advice to minimize the risk and sero-negative
partners should get improved counseling and support method.
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Keywords
HIV discordant couple, sero-conversion, rate