The Prevalence of Malaria and Associated Risk Factors in Outpatients Visiting Shewarobit Health Center, North Central Ethiopia
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Date
2018-09-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Malaria is one of the major public health problems in many tropical developing countries including Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasite infections and to assess the people's knowledge and practices about malaria transmission, prevention and control measures in Shewarobit town, central Ethiopia. A total of 33,932 outpatients with malaria symptoms gave blood films for malaria diagnosis in the past five years (2013-2017) in Shewarobit Health Center. Among 33,932 cases, 4705 (13.9%) microscopically confirmed malaria cases were reported at the Health Center. Males were more affected than females by malaria infections in each year. Out of 4705 positive individuals 3074 (65.3%) were males and 1631(34.7%) were females. There were fluctuations in trends of the malaria transmission in different months in the study area, with the peak malaria transmission reported from September up to November and from June up to August.
A total of 384 outpatients with malaria symptoms were selected and gave blood films for malaria diagnosis from October 2017 up to April 2018. From this cross sectional survey, a total of 73 (19.0%) microscopically confirmed malaria cases were recorded. In multivariate analysis, the association between the prevalence of malaria and age groups of the participants were statistically significant (AOR = 4.340, 95% CI: 1.628-11.565, p=0.003). The Kebeles that the participants lived have associations with the infections of malaria (AOR = 9.300, 95% CI: 2.352-36.774, p=0.001). The association between the prevalence of malaria and income level of the participants were statistically significant (AOR = 2.285, 95% CI: 1.071-4.874, p=0.033). The relationship between the prevalence of malaria and long lasting insecticidal nets were statistically significant (AOR = 0.083, 95% CI: 0.045-0.155, p=0.000). Furthermore between the prevalence of malaria and IRS were statistically significant (AOR = 0.490, 95% CI: 0.255-0.941, p=0.032). Finally the association between mosquito breeding sites and the prevalence of malaria were highly significant in the study area (AOR = 2.573, 95% CI: 1.364-4.854, p=0.004).
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Keywords
Adjusted Odd Ratio (Aor), Significant, Prevalence, Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets and Indoor Residual Spray