Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Hiv Among Chronic Liver Disease Patients in Selected Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2014-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus is hepatotropic virus spread
mainly through contaminated blood and blood products, sexual contact and contaminated
needles. Chronic infection by these viruses leads to slow progressive liver disease that over a
period of up to 30 years may result in cirrhosis, chronic liver failure and hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC). HIV, HBV, and HCV infection share similar transmission routes and
therefore co-infection is common. These viruses are prevalent in different parts of the world
including Ethiopia there for this study shows the burden of these viruses in Ethiopia.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infection among clinically
diagnosed chronic liver disease patients visited at Black Lion, St. Paul and Armed force hospital
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in three selected hospitals of Addis
Ababa over a period of 3 months (March2014- May 2014) on clinically diagnosed chronic liver
disease patients. By using questionnaire brief history and risk factors was taken from each
volunteering patient. Serum samples from each volunteering patients was screened for the
presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV by ELISIA test kit and HIV by national test algorism.
Result: A total of 117 participants who have chronic liver disease participated in the study,
where 82 of them were males and the remaining 35 were females. The age distribution range
form 18-78 years and the median age was 39 years. The overall prevalence of HBsAg, HCV and
HIV was 34.2%, 18.8% and 9.4 respectively. The study participants had combined HBV/HIV,
HCV/HIV and HBV/HCV infection which is possible because of their common modes of
transmission. History of multiple sexual partner and blood transfusion also found statically
significance with HBV and HCV virus infection respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV and HCV is high where as HIV is moderate among
chronic liver disease patients and history of blood transfusion and multiple sexual partners was
statistically associated with HCV and HBV infection respectively
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Keywords
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV