EVALUATION OF POTENCY AND IMMUNOGENECITY OF INACTIVATED CELL CULTURE RABIES VACCINE, PREPARED AT NATIONAL VETERINARY INSTITUTE, ETHIOPIA
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Date
2018-06
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Abstract
Rabies is the first prioritized zoonotic disease threatening public health in Ethiopia. Mass
vaccination is the best existing strategy to control canine rabies. The objective of the
present research was to evaluate potency and immunogenicity of Evlelyn-Rokitnicki-
Abelseth (ERA) inactivated cell culture anti-rabies vaccine producing in National
Veterinary Institute (NVI). The vaccine was produced as per the institute’s production
standard operation procedure (SOP). Potency test of the vaccine conducted in Swiss
Albino mice according to National Institute of Health, America (NIH) potency test
procedure and Verorab rabies vaccine was used as reference vaccine. However, the
immunological experiment undertaken in three to four months old puppies. Randomly
assigned eight puppies to the vaccinated group were subcutaneously administered 1ml of
NVI’s rabies vaccine while other eight were kept as control. Their antibody response was
monitored on 0, 7, 14, 21, 30 and 60 days post vaccination. With regards to potency, the
median effective dose (ED50) of the test vaccine was 1.47 while the reference vaccine
was 1.3. Therefore, relative potency (RP) of the test vaccine found to be 1.45IU/ml in
1ml of single recommended dose. On the other hand, all dogs recruited for
immunological experiment had low antibody titer and the titer of control dogs remained
at lower level over experiment period. However, the mean antibody titer of vaccinated
puppies statistically rose to 1.556IU/ml on 7th day of post vaccination. Similarly, the
mean titer increased for the next consecutive two weeks. The antibody titer reached peak
of 3.585IU/ml on 30th day of post vaccination. Despite of its reduction, it stayed at higher
level until the end of experiment. In general, the test vaccine is potent enough to meet
requirement of veterinary inactivated rabies vaccine and is effective and immunogenic
for two months of post vaccination. However, immunological experiment in dogs needs
to be undertaken for longer period and complimented with protective efficacy clinical
trial.
Description
A thesis submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of Addis
Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Veterinary Science in Veterinary Microbiology
Keywords
Dogs, Immunogenicity, Mice, Rabies Vaccine