The Magnitude of Antihypertensive Medications Adherence, Blood Pressure Control and Associated Factor Among Hypertensive Patients at Selected Health Center ,A.A, Ethiopia.
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Date
2024-02-08
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, contributing to highmortality and morbidity, particularly in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Studiesindicate a rising incidence of stroke in developing nations, with intracerebral hemorrhage disproportionatelyaffectinglow-income populations. Assessing bloodpressure control, medication adherence, and associated factors is essential for identifying key contributors to the increasing stroke burden and guiding targetedinterventions. While most existing data come from hospital-based studies, this research focuses on primary healthcare facilities, where a significant proportion of hypertensivepatients receive follow-up care. Future studies can explore additional contributingfactors to the growing burden of stroke in developing countries.
Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted using multi-stage sampling at selectedhealth centers from October to December 2024. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Multiple logistic regression model wasemployedtodetermine factors associated with BP control and medicationadherence.
Results: Of 348 patients, only 27.3% achieving the target Blood pressure of <130/80mmHg,while 35.1% fellinto the category of 130/80-139/89 mmHgand 35.9% hadhighBP(>139/89 mmHg),indicating poor control. High medication adherence was observedin 43.1%ofparticipants, 32.2% moderate adherence, but 24.7% had low adherence.Factors significantly associated with BP control included adherence levels, frequency ofBPmonitoring, appointment frequency, education, income, and age. Medicationadherence wasinfluenced by income, appointment frequency, blood pressuremonitoring frequency, fruit consumption, and salt intake. Lifestyle modifications such asexercise and dietary habits showed concerning trends but were not significantpredictors in the regression model. Significant proportion o the patientsare onmonotherapy.
Conclusion: Poor blood pressure control and suboptimal medication adherenceunderscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden of stroke and other hypertension-related complications in Ethiopia. Key strategies includeenhancing patient education, improving access to healthcare and strengtheninghealthcare systems through regular follow-up appointments and promoting home blood pressure monitoring. Additionally, promoting healthy lifestyle choices, addressingfinancial barriers, and optimization in treatment regimens to prevent therapeutic inertia are essential to improving hypertension management. These efforts can help mitigatethe burden ofstroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Further research,including longitudinal and qualitative studies, is recommended to explore underlying barriers, identify effective intervention strategies, and investigate other contributing factors beyond hypertension-related issues.
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The magnitude of antihypertensive blood pressure control patients at selected health center