Cost- analysis of malaria screening to identify transfusion transmissible malaria in Hawassa regional blood bank, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Date
2018-11
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground: The transmission of malaria by blood transfusion is one of the first recorded
incidents of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI). To reduce the risk of transmission
transmissible infection effective screening for the presence of the most common and dangerous
transfusion transmissible pathogens should be practiced in transfusion centers. Blood transfusion
services should therefore establish efficient systems to ensure that all donated blood is correctly
screened for specific transfusion transmissible infection.
Objective: To determine the magnitude of transfusion transmissible malaria and to compute the
sum cost of screening blood donors for malaria in comparison to other transfusion transmissible
infection in Hawassa regional blood bank, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from April-May 2018, blood samples of donors
was screened for malaria using rapid diagnostic test method as well thick smear microscopy as
confirmatory test. In addition to this the cost of malaria screening was calculated using activity
based costing method.414 donors were included in the study and the donors were selected
conveniently.
Results: From the total number of 414 blood units collected 29 donors were positive for any of
the TTI tested giving an overall positivity rate of 7%. 2(0.5%) of the donors were positive for
malaria. 2 donors were deferred due to malaria symptom but both of them ware negative for
malaria. The total cost of each test is $5.91 for HIV, $5.48HBV, $5.98 HCV and $5.62 Syphilis.
The cost per test for malaria is $4.73 which is the least in comparison to the others and the cost
to be added for malaria screening with marginal cost of $11,025.36 which is 4.58%.
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of malaria during the study is 0.5% but in the other way the
cost for malaria screening computed to be the least compared to other TTI screening and also the
cost to be added for malaria screening is minor compared to the complication caused by
transfusion transmissible malaria for non immune patients. So, screening of malaria in endemic
countries is beneficial. More studies are needed to infer this recommendation to endemic places
as routine practice.
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Keywords
cost-analysis, transfusion-transmitted infections, malaria, donor blood screening