Knowledge, Perceived Risk, Atitude and Practice Towards Myocardial Infarction Prevention among Adults Attending Cardiac Clinic in Selected Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2023 G.C
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Date
2023
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Myocardial Infarction, more commonly known as heart attack, is a global
problem that affects millions of people every year. The main cause of death around the globe
is cardiovascular disease. Of all cardiovascular diseases Myocardial Infarction is a major
contributor of morbidity and mortality among adults. Objective: The aim of this study is to
assess Knowledge, Perceived risk, Attitude and Practice towards Myocardial Infarction
Prevention among adults attending cardiac clinic in selected public hospitals. Method:
Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted, among 422 patients in selected three public
hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A pretested and interviewer-administered questionnaire
was used for data collection. Data was entered using Epi-data version 3.1 statistical software
and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 statistical package. Bivariate and multivariable logistic
regression analysis was also carried out to identify factors associated with the dependent and
independent variable. A p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
Result: A total of 422 participants were enrolled in the study. Mean age was 44±16yrs and
51.4% of patients were females, 61.4% were married, 35.3%, participants were university
graduate also 37.7% were self-employed and 83% were urban residents. More than half of
patients (50.7%), (57.8%) and (59.2%) were found to have good knowledge, attitude and
practice on prevention of MI respectively. Regarding perceived risk score most of participants
(59.2%) were found to have poor perception towards their MI risk. Greater MI prevention
knowledge were associated with urban residency (P = 0.011) and higher level of education (P
= 0.002), married participants were 1.9 times more practical on MI prevention than singles (P
= 0.002). Those who attended college/university were 5.8 (P = 0.000) times more likely to have
good practice than secondary school, Also females were 1.8 times to have more perceived risk
towards MI compared to males (P = 0.003) and Urban residents were 47% less likely to have
perceived risk towards MI than who are living in rural areas (P = 0.029). Conclusion and
Recommendation: About more than half of the current study participants had high knowledge,
attitude and practice about MI prevention, on the other hand more than half participants show
low level of perceived risk of MI. Therefore, this study is important to demonstrate the need for
implementing an effective prevention program.
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Keywords
Knowledge, Perceived Risk, Attitude, Practice, Myocardial Infarction, Prevention.