Anthropometric Assessment of Magnitude of Malnutrition and Severity among Hemodialysis Patients in Selected Governmental Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2019-04
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background : Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem and one of the chronic non
communicable diseases which affects over 500 million people worldwide. End stage renal disease refers
to a state of advanced chronic kidney disease, where lifelong dialysis or kidney transplantation is
necessary to sustain a reasonable quality of life and survival. Malnutrition is common and the major risk
factor of mortality of hemodialysis patients. Anthropometry, edema- free weight, body mass index, and
subjective global assessment are valid and clinically useful tools for overall nutritional assessment.
Objective : To assess magnitude of malnutrition among hemodialysis patients using upper arm
anthropometry in selected Addis Ababa Governmental hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods and Materials : Institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May 1 to
September 30, 2018 on a total of 80 patients from dialysis units of three selected Addis Ababa
Governmental Hospitals. Nutritional status was assessed by Anthropometric and biochemical
measurements. The ISRNM criteria were used to diagnose Malnutrition. The data was entered into Epi
data 3.1 and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. The results were summarized in the form of
proportions and tables. Analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between dependent and
independent variables.Means between groups were compared by Independent t-test.
Result: The mean age was 38.91±13.00 years with a sex ratio of 1.67 in favor of men. The mean Body
mass index was computed 20.31±3.73kg/m
2
, mean Mid upper arm circumference (20.37±2.40 cm), mean
Mid upper arm muscle circumference (19.408± 3.449 cm), and the mean arm muscle area was (31.4±
9.58 cm
2
). The study revealed that Malnutrition was noted in 15% of the patients according to ISRNM
criteria of malnutrition or protein energy wasting, while 30% of the female patients were malnourished.
BMI and other upper arm anthropometric measurements were significantly correlated with each other and
with ISRNM parameter.
Conclusion : Malnutrition is high among maintenance hemodialysis patients in Addis Ababa and it was
more common in female patients than their male counterparts. The upper arm anthropometric
measurements were significantly correlated with ISRNM and, with each other in describing the nutritional
status of the maintenance hemodialysis patients and can be helpful in determining nutritional status.
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Keywords
Hemodialysis; Malnutrition; ISRNM; Anthropometry