Assessment of Dyslipidemia and its Associated Risk Factors among Adult Type-2 Diabetic Patients on Follow up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital: A Hospital based Cross Sectional Study
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Date
2021-12
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
in a type-2 diabetic (T2DM) patient. Dyslipidemia in T2DM patients is attributed to increased free fatty
acid flux secondary to insulin resistance. Globally burden of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients is
continuously increasing. Intensive management of dyslipidemia and its associated factors is required to
prevent cardiovascular disease.
Objective: The study was designed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia among
adult patients with type 2 diabetes at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: An institution-based- cross-sectional study was conducted from July 10 to November 10, 2021.
A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 208 T2DM patients. Data on socio-demographic
characteristics, behavioral, and clinical factors were collected using a structured questionnaire through
face to face interview. Anthropometry and blood pressure were measured. Laboratory data were retrieved
from patients chart. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. To identify determinant
factors of dyslipidemia, bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were done.
Statistical significance was considered at the level of significance of 5%, and adjusted odds ratio (AOR)
with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to present the estimates of the strength of the association.
Results: The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among study participants was 78.4%.
Hypertriglyceridemia was found in 42.8%, hypercholesterolemia in 25.1%, high low-density lipoprotein in
30.3%, and low high-density lipoprotein in 36.5% study participants. Longer duration of diabetes
&physical inactivity were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Patients who have more than 10
years duration of diabetes had five times (95% CI, 1.24-20.149) more risk of dyslipidemia as compared
with less than 5 years duration. Type2 DM patients who don’t perform moderate physical activity had
nearly three times (95% CI, 1.077-7.767) increased risk of dyslipidemia as compared with those who
perform 5-7 days moderate physical activity in a week.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of dyslipidemia was found among T2DM patients in the study area.
Physical inactivity and longer duration of diabetes were significantly associated with dyslipidemia among
T2DM patients. Clinicians need to screen, treat, and educate diabetic patients about dyslipidemia and its
associated risk factors.
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Keywords
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, prevalence, Dyslipidemia, risk factors, cross-sectional study