Hematological abnormalities and their associated factors among Liver disease patients at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
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Date
2023-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Liver disease such as alcoholic, hepatitis, and fatty liver are major health problems
worldwide that are often accompanied by hematological abnormalities. A variety of disturbances
in hemostasis and production of blood cells can occur in the setting of liver dysfunction. A
comprehensive understanding of the hematological aspects of liver disease is essential for both
diagnosis and management.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess different hematological abnormalities and their
associated factors among liver disease patients at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical
College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out at St. Paul's Hospital
Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia, from January to May 2023. A total of 310 patients with
liver disease were included using a convenient sampling technique. Blood samples collected
using EDTA tubes were analysed for CBC and ESR by using Beckman Coulter analyzer and
Westergren respectively. SPSS software (version 28) was used for analysis. Frequencies and
percentages were used to summarize and describe the data. Hematological abnormalities and
their associated factors were determined by bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. P-
value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of study participants was 41±12.8 years. From the study participants
79(25.5%) were anemic and 47(15,2%) were leucopenic. Thrombocytopenia and elevated ESR
were observed among 105(33.9%) and 77(24.8%) of the study participants, respectively. Anemia
was significantly associated chronic liver disease (AOR=11.8;95%CI:4.3,32.1). Alcohol drinking
habit(AOR=4.28;95%CI:2.07,8.8)andnothavingphysicalexercisehabit(AOR=2.4,95%CI:1.06,5.5)
were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia. Elevated ESR was significantly associated
with alcohol drinking habit (AOR=2.24;95%CI:1.04-4.8) and CLD (AOR=4.98;95%CI:2.3-
10.7).
Conclusion: Anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and elevated ESR were common
hematological abnormalities among liver disease patients. These hematological abnormalities
were more prominent among chronic liver disease patients. Thus it is important to asses and
monitor hematological abnormalities during the diagnosis of liver disease patients.
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Keywords
liver disease, hematological abnormalities, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Ethiopia