Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study in Fogera Wereda, Ethiopia.
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Date
2023-06-01
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Flood is a major environmental problem in Ethiopia as it has devastating effects on life and property. The objectives of this study are to assess flood hazards and risks in Fogera Wereda by using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Flood causative elements such as rainfall, drainage density, slope, elevation, land use type, and soil type were developed in the GIS environment. The generated Eigenvector was used as a coefficient for the specific factor maps to be combined in a weighted overlay. The flood hazard layer, as well as the two at-risk aspects, population and land use, were used to assess flood risk. The flood hazard map of Fogera Wereda revealed that very low, low, moderate, high, and very high flood hazards affected 6,627.46 ha, 33,360.69 ha , 34,265.19 ha , 30,896.00 ha, and 10,579.90 ha of the area considered in Fogera Wereda, respectively. Fogera Wereda flood risk map indicated that, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high flood risks were present in 1,940.61ha , 30,906.17ha , 41,458.6 ha, 37,127.52ha , and 4,296.31ha of the area subjected respectively. Fogera woreda Disaster Risk Managment in the Amhara Region and Flood Management Units in the Abay Basin could use those maps as a reference to design development strategies and control Fogera Wereda's flood problems.
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Keywords
Flood hazard; flood risk; GIS; MCA, AHP, FogeraWereda, Remote Sensing