Effect of Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Control on Growth and Mortality of Calves in Arbaminch District in the Southern Rift Valley, Ethiopia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Kelay Belihu | |
| dc.contributor.author | Geja Gechere | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-09-22T13:20:30Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-09-22T13:20:30Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010-06-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | A study was conducted to assess the effect of tsetse/trypanosomosis control on growth and mortality of calves in tsetse controlled and tsetse uncontrolled blocks of southem tsetse eradication project (STEP), at Arba Minch Zuria district of southem region. A total of 182 farmers were interviewed with structured formal questionnaire from the two blocks. They were mainly interviewed on socioeconomic and farming system characteristics, livestock herd size and composition, cattle herd size and composition, the objectives of cattle keeping, cow housing, feeding and culling, major animal health problems and calf management. 180 clusters (house hold heads) herds from two blocks were established to collect blood samples in wet and dry seasons. From each household an average of calves three (total 1080) were examined to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis using dark groundl Buffy coat examination technique. To assess tsetse and biting fly population in both blocks 240 NGU traps were deployed from October 2009 to March 2010 (40 traps every month). A case control study of 40 calves, (20) from each blocks were performed for consecutive six months to determine the body weight gain, hip height increment, body length measurement and body condition score. The questionnaire survey indicated that Mean livestock herd size and composition In tsetse controlled block were 6.05±0.31 cattle, 0.48 ±0.12 sheep, 1.56 ±0.22 goats, 0.37 ±0.07 donkey and 4.66 ±0.47poultry, were as in tsetse uncontrolled block were 11.26 ± 1.18 cattle, 0.93 ±0.22 sheep, 0.93 ± 0.21 goats and 2.38 ±0.48 poultry. No donkey was found in tsetse uncontrolled block. Mean livestock herd size and composition was smaller in tsetse controlled block than tsetse uncontrolled block. All cattle owned by the sampled households were indigenous. Mean cattle herd size and composition in tsetse controlled block was cows 2.14 ± 1.18, heifers 0.77 ±0.08, bulls 0.98 ±0.83, male calves 0.74 ±0.08, female calves 0.66 ±0.07 and steers 0.77 ±0.07. In tsetse uncontrolled block were cows 3.41 ±0.43, heifers 1.45 ±0.24, bulls 1.77 ±0.23, male calves 1.26 ±0.20, female calves 1.04 ±0.16, and steers 1.13 ±0.15. Mean cattle herd size was smaller in tsetse controlled block than tsetse uncontrolled block Results of parasitological study revealed that the prevalence of trypanosome positive calves in dry and wet seasons were higher in tsetse uncontrolled block (p<0.05). It was 5( 1.85%) in wet season and 3( I. I %) in dry season, while in tsetse controlled block no positive cases detected in both seasons. Trypanosoma congolense 75% and trypanosoma vivax 25% was responsible for trypanosome infection of calves. Mean PCV value of 30.48± 0.42% was recorded in tsetse controlled block, while in tsetse uncontrolled block it was 28.37± 0.37%. The difference in the level of anemia between the two blocks and between parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals was significant (P< 0.05). The entomological survey showed that the apparent density (fly/trap/day) in tsetse controlled block were 0.12 for tsetse fly, 1.67 for Tabanus and 0.76 for Stomoxys, whiIe in tsetse uncontrolled block, 32.16 for tsetse fly, 2.41 for tabanus and 1.26 for stomoxys. Mean catch (average ±SE) of tsetse and biting flies varied significantly between the two blocks (P<0.05). The case control study of calves after six months revealed that the mean (±SE) body weight of calves in tsetse controlled and tsetse uncontrolled blocks were 40.23 ± 0.70 kg and 34.74 ± 0.68 kg, respectively, which were statistically different (P<0.05).The above findings strongly suggest that trypanosomosis is a disease of economic importance in the area and control programs being implemented by the STEP project is registering a significant improvement in livestock production in the areas it has intervened | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/9013 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | calves | |
| dc.subject | birth | |
| dc.subject | controlled | |
| dc.subject | disease | |
| dc.subject | growth | |
| dc.subject | health | |
| dc.subject | herd | |
| dc.subject | mortality | |
| dc.subject | trypanosomosis | |
| dc.subject | tsetse | |
| dc.subject | STEP | |
| dc.subject | uncontrolled | |
| dc.subject | weaning | |
| dc.title | Effect of Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Control on Growth and Mortality of Calves in Arbaminch District in the Southern Rift Valley, Ethiopia | |
| dc.type | Thesis |