Viral Suppression Rate and Associated factors among Children whose Sample Refereed to Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-09
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Measuring of Viral load in the plasma of patient is the most important indicator inresponse to Anti Retro viral treatment, and to monitoring regularly progress of the patient, bysuppressing the Viral Load to a threshold of < 1000 RNA copies/ml, which is used to definesuppressed viral load, if it is confirmed in the laboratory. adherence will be addressed andfollowed to switch to second-line Anti Retro viral treatment.
Objective: the aim of this study was to determine viral suppression rate and associated riskfactors among children tested for HIV viral load among patient‟s sample refereed to Ethiopianpublic health institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: Across-sectional study was conducted. Data on socio-demographic factors includingAge, sex, test reason, treatment combination, adherence, treatment duration on Anti Retro viraltreatment, WHO clinical staging, were extracted from the request, Viral suppression and failurewas determined using the WHO definitions (viral suppression as viral load < 1000/ml) and theirassociated factors. Significant association between study variables and interpretation of data wasdone using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval and P value <0.05.
Result: A total of 340 children‟s sample was used in the study. Majority of children (87.9%)have suppressed viral load test rate and 12.1% non-suppressed. Children who had fair adherenceto ART (AOR=0.23; 95% CI=0.001-0.395), were more likely to have viral load suppression rate.Children‟s whose treatment reasons were Routine VL-2ndVL at 12 Month Post ART, RoutineViral Load Annual Viral Load Test, Routine Viral Load-First Viral Load Test 6 month orLonger, Target Repeat (Confirmatory), Viral Load (initial viral load >1000cop/Ml) more likelyhad viral suppression rate (AOR=0.261;95% CI= 0.94-0.723), children between Age 3-10,were(AOR=17.76; 95% CI=1.623-194.19).
Conclusion The rate of un-suppressed viral load is High among children tested for HIV Viral Load in Ethiopian Public Health institute and Children adhered to ART treatment have more ikely to be virally suppressed.
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Keywords
HIV; antiretroviral therapy; adherence; stage of disease