Cause s of Migration and Livelihood Strategies of Migrants: The Case of Young Migrants from Gojjam area in Addis Ababa
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Date
2013-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the causes of migration and livelihood strategies
of young migrants from Gojjam area. The study further focused on the analysis of major factors
for migration to Addis Ababa; the characteristics of migrants; the living and working conditions;
challenges they face and their livelihood at the destination. Both quantitative and qualitative
methods were employed. The qualitative method is used to understand the view of migrant
youths and their lived' experience while the quantitative method is used to supplement the data
collected through qualitative one. Semi-structured interview, in-depth interviews and observation
are used as instruments of data collection. A total of 30 migrants were also selected for the
questionnaire survey. This study used purposive sampling to get insights about their lives. In
addition, the data collected are triangulated and cross-checked to check reliability and validity of
information. Landlessness/ land shortage, rural poverty, search for better life and peer pressure
are the reasons for migration. Besides, the social networks in Addis Ababa also exacerbate
migration. 'they are mainly involved in lottery vending. They have collected meager amount of
money which they invested in their rural origin. Likewise, though the majority of migrants
expected to lead better life in Addis Ababa, many of them encountered problems at the initial
period of adjustment and during the course of stay. Moreover, some of them even experience
various form of crime and abuse from the street gang and their customers. Sharing rooms with
co-villager, reducing consumption and saving from their insufficient income helps them to
reduce their vulnerability. Their social networks are also important to strengthen the capability of
groups' members to reduce vulnerability and be more beneficial to livelihood outcomes. Based
on the results, social work implication f~r practice, research and policy are made.
Key words: Rural-Urban migration, Causes, Gojjam, Young migrants, Livelihood
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Keywords
Rural-Urban migration, Causes, Gojjam, Young migrants, Livelihood