Determinants of cardiothoracic surgery outcomes among patients underwent cardiothoracic surgery at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Associated diseases and risk factors are the major causes of postoperative
complications after cardiothoracic surgery. Outcome of Cardiothoracic surgery is
generally associated with high incidence of myocardial, neurological, renal dysfunction,
bleeding, surgical site infection which account up to 10% mortality depending on age, sex,
comorbidity, preoperative medication and reoperation.
Objective: To assess the determinants of cardiothoracic surgery outcomes at Tikur
Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Methodology: A retrospective institutional based cross-sectional study design was
conducted among 323 randomly selected patient records. Systematic random sampling
technique was used to select medical records. Data was gathered from the medical records
of cardiothoracic patients registered during the past five years (from November 2015-
November 2020) using a pretested checklist.
Result: Male participants were found to be involved more than female participants. The
following were final predictors of cardiothoracic surgery outcomes. Ages between 18 and
28, 1.398 times more likely to develop poor outcomes postoperative compared to the rest
age groups. [AOR=1.398, 95% CI=1.179-1.656]. Patients with chronic pulmonary disease
are 1.713 times more likely to develop poor outcomes as compared to patients with other
comorbidities and no known comorbidities [AOR=1.713, 95% CI=1.041-2.818]. And
patients whose duration of surgery is 2-3hrs 2.306 times more likely to develop poor
outcomes postoperative as compared to 3-4hrs duration of surgery [AOR=2.306 95%
CI=1.241-4.283]. Personal habits, waiting time for surgery since admission lost their
significance.
Conclusion: In this study age, comorbidities (chronic pulmonary disease), and duration
of surgery were factors associated with the outcomes. Further investigation during
perioperative period like adjusting medications, chest physiotherapies, preoperative and
postoperative patient care in order to reduce the poor outcomes.
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Keywords
Surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery, determinants, and outcomes.