Malnutrition Risk Screenig, Assessment and Active Disease Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Hospital-Based Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
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Date
2024-10-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract and is divided into Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis rarely indeterminate or un classified. Malnutrition is prevalent among IBD patients and is associated with risks of poor outcomes. Hence early detection of patients with or at risk of under nutrition facilitates timely referral for comprehensive dietary assessments and management to avert related complications.
Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and IBD disease activity among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Adera Medical and Surgical Center, Ethiopia, 2024.
Methods: A total of 252 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were selected using consecutive recruitment technique. Data was collected from the medical records of patients and by interviewing the study participants using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate logistic regression was employed followed by multivariable analysis to look at the association between the outcome and predictors by selecting variables that had a p-value less than or equal to 0.25 within the bivariate analysis. P value <0.05 was used to declare significance.
Result: Total of 242 individual were participated with response rate of 96.03%. Majority of the IBD were Crohn’s disease 190(78.51%) and the rest 52 (21.49%) were ulcerative colitis. A 160(66.12%) of the patient had no clinical features of active disease (in remission) and the rest were had active disease at inclusion 82(33.88%). IBD patients with monthly income between 500-1000 ETB were about 80% decrease risk of active disease at inclusion compared to income less than 500 ETB AOR (0.20; 95% CI (0.05,0.81). Patients with medium risk for malnutrition based on MUST score is about 2 times increased risk for active disease compared to those at to low risk AOR (2.55 ;95 % CI (1.01,6.42) and those with high risk were about 4 times at increased risk compared to low risk for malnutrition AOR (4.25CI (1.66,10.84).
Conclusion: Malnutrition is prevalent among this cohort of IBD patients. one third of Inflammatory bowel disease patients in this study have clinical features of active diseases at inclusion. Malnutrition, Income level, elevated inflammatory factor, MUST score and locations of disease are found to be significant predictors of clinical disease activity at inclusion. These viii findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions to address nutritional, clinical and socioeconomic determinants of IBD outcomes.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, nutritional screening tools, nutrition, Ethiopia
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Inflammatory bowel disease nutritional screening tools nutrition nutrition, , ,