Extraction and Characterization of Elastin from Raw Hide Trimmings using Autoclave Extraction Technology
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
During leather processing, raw skins/hides are trimmed and thrown as wastes and accounting
for pollution load in leather industry. Elastin is a fibrous protein with multifaceted applications
in biomedical field due to its intrinsic biological annotations viz elasticity and cell interactions,
the extraction process is challenging task due to their cell interactive properties, the application
is versatile and the price is in current international market is highly expensive. In this context,
leather solid wastes specifically raw hide trimmings have been found out in the research as the
potential source of raw material for elastin extraction. In this research, the raw Hide Trimming
elastin content was estimated between in the range of 122 mAUmin and 97 mAUmin using the
combination of FPLC, UV-Spectroscopy, SDS-PAGE protein scientific characterization
techniques. The Elastin was extracted from leather waste through autoclaving technology, the
method yield was found to be 90%. In addition, the biocompatibility study confirms that there is
no toxic nature of extracted elastin for biological application. This implies that the selected
extraction process was effective and efficient. The physical characterization using DSC result
indicates that the melting peak of elastin was -0.5420 watt/g at 103.23
C, elastin showed very
high denaturation temperature of 275.82
o
C and TGA studies confirm that elastin have six mass
loss degradation steps. The chemical characterization result using
o
C Solid state NMR and
FTIR that elastin shows random coil, α-helix and β-strand secondary structure. Moreover, the
FTIR confirm that amide A, I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII functional group existed in the elastin
fiber. The biological characterization using amino acid analysis result show that the amino acid
composition chain of the product have high amount of glycine, non-polar amino acid, low
amount of acidic amino acids, low amount of hydroxyl amino acid and there is no hydroxylsine,
tryptophan and Cysteine amino acids in the amino acid composition of the protein fiber. The
little variations were the existence of high amount of basic amino acids in the protein amino acid
composition due to the presence of collagen residues. Finally, the biocompatibility study shows
that there is no toxicity nature of the extracted elastin fiber for human keratinocyte cells culture.
There result is scientifically justified and confirmed that the raw hide trimmings extracted elastin
makes feasible for biological and biomedical applications.
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Keywords
Autoclave Extraction, Characterization, Raw Hide Trimmings, Elastin