Prevalence of preoperative anemia and associated factors among major elective orthopedics surgery at selected governmental hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from February 1 to April 30, 2021
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Date
2021-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Preoperative anemia is a common hematologic problem in major orthopedic
surgery. More than one-third of orthopedics patients were anemic preoperatively. Preoperative
investigation and treatment of anemia are recommended before orthopedic surgery. Pre-operative
anemia alone is an independent risk factor for perioperative complications, prolonged hospital
stays, infection and increased mortality rate.
Objective: To assess the Prevalence of preoperative anemia and determine associated factors
among adult major elective orthopedics patients at selected governmental hospitals, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia. From February 1, to April 30, 2021
Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted in selected governmental hospitals, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia from February 1, to April 30, 2021. A total sample of 242 patients scheduled for
major elective orthopedics was included in the data collection. A systematic random sampling
technique was used. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic analyses were done to determine
whether each of the independent factors is associated or not with the outcome variables. Only
variable with a p-value < 0.2 during the bi-variable analysis were entered into the multivariable
analysis. The strength of the association was present by the odds ratio and 95% Confidence
interval.
Result: Preoperative anemia was found in 37.6% of the patients. ASA Class 2 were [AOR: 2.5,
95 % CI: (1.28, 4.89)], malignancy [AOR: 4.37, 95% CI: (1.58,12.1)], history of trauma [AOR:
3.54, 95 % CI: (1.69, 9.7)], and history of previous surgery [AOR: 4.37, 95% (CI: 1.58,12.1)] were
significantly associated with preoperative anemia major elective orthopedics surgery.
Conclusion and recommendation: More than one-third of elective orthopedics patients were
anemic before surgery. ASA class, malignancy, trauma, and surgical history were significantly
associated with preoperative anemia. So, we recommend for major elective orthopedic surgery
patients, early diagnosis and treatment of preoperative anemia were indicated.
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Keywords
Elective, preoperative anemia,