Molecular Characterization of Introduced Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Genotypes in Ethiopia Using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers
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Date
2015-03
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The major thrust of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) variety improvement
programs is to increase sugar yield, while due to its genetic complexity, sugarcane has
received very little research interest, despite its economic importance, and molecular
techniques are being developed only in recent times. Furthermore, until the present date
no molecular studies were carried out to evaluate sugarcane germplasm from Ethiopian
fields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity and
establish relationships among populations of sugarcane in Ethiopia using ISSR markers.
Genomic DNA was extracted from leave samples of 82 sugarcane genotypes according to
modified CTAB method. A total of 149 scorable and reproducible bands were generated
using 12 ISSR primers among which 124 were polymorphic and attributed to PPL =
83.22 %, h = 0.31, and I = 0.45 at species level. Intra-population diversity based on
polymorphic loci ranged from 28.86 % to 47.65 % with mean of 38.35 %, Nei’s gene
diversity of 0.097 to 0.171 with mean of 0.137, Shannon’s information index of 0.147 to
0.255 with mean of 0.205, and within population AMOVA of 63.56 %. All diversity
parameters confirm that, the highest diversity was obtained from those that were obtained
from France and Cuba whilst the lowest was from those of Barbados and South Africa.
AMOVA revealed 36.4 % among population variation which is significantly lower than
that of within population variation. From Jaccard’s pairwise similarity coefficient, those
from Sudan and South Africa were most related populations exhibiting 0.70 similarity
and USA and Barbados were the most distantly related populations with similarity of
0.53. With all clustering analysis, most of the genotypes clustered to their respective
origins. Thus, ISSR markers detected a range of diversity from sugarcane varieties with
their unique identity that deserve conservation attention and improvement programs.
Key words: Commercial crop, genetic diversity, ISSR markers, Saccharum officinarum
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Keywords
Commercial crop; genetic diversity; ISSR markers; Saccharum officinarum