Survival and Associated Factors among Cervical Cancer Patients in Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2008-2012, Aretrospective Longitudinal Study
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Date
2014-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and it is the most common cause of cancer deaths among women in developing countries. Cervical cancer ranks as the second most frequent cancer among women in Ethiopia. In spite of the high incidence and mortality rate, survival time among cervical cancer patients is not measured in our country. Thus, this study aimed at providing information on the survival time among cervical cancer patients and determining factors attributed to it in Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2013.
Objective- This study is aimed to assess a five year survival time and its predictors among cervical cancer patients in Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 2008-2012.
Methods- A retrospective longitudinal study in the cancer treatment center at Black Lion Hospital was conducted. All incident cases of cervical cancer (1391) registered during 2008-2012 in Black Lion Hospital were selected and followed retrospectively for the study of five year survival. Patient charts were reviewed and telephone interview made to generate survival rates from February to March, 2013. Survival table was used to estimate the probability values of survival after diagnosis of cervical cancer at different time intervals. Kaplan Meier survival curve together with log rank test was fitted to test for the presence of difference in survival among predictor variables. Cox regression was fitted to find out predictors of survival time. Backward Stepwise Multiple Cox regression was fitted at 5% level of significance to determine the net effect of each explanatory variable on time to death after diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Results- Overall survival was 32% at five years and 52% at three years. It is found that there is a difference in survival experience between categories of stage of cervical cancer, treatment modalities, age of patients, and place of residence. Being in stage IV cancer AHR 2.974(95%CI 1.303, 6.791), being operated AHR 0.488(95% CI 0.281, 0.848) and receiving palliative chemotherapy AHR 0.731(95% CI 0.534, 0.937) were predictors of survival time among cervical cancer patients.
Conclusion-The results of this study show a strong gradient in survival by stage and treatment, which underlines the key role of early detection and timely treatment of cervical cancer for reducing mortality
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Keywords
Cancer of the cervix, Cervical Cancer Patients