Assessment of knowledge, utilization and associated factors on prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS among antenatal care users at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Yosef Alemayehu (BSc in Midwifery)
Background: Mother-To-Child Transmission (MTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV is the transmission of HIV from an HIV positive woman to her baby during
pregnancy, labor, delivery and by breastfeeding. Prevention of Mother-to-Child
Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV has become an important area of intervention on HIV/AIDS
prevention activities. According to 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 21%
the infants were infected. A fifth or fewer of the women and children that need PMTCT
services to prevent new infections in children receive them. Objective: To assess the
Knowledge, Utilization and Associated factors about PMTCT of HIV/AIDS among pregnant
women who attend ANC at selected public Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: An
institution based cross sectional study consisting of 409 study participants was conducted
among pregnant women who attended ANC service at selected public hospitals in Addis
Ababa. The sample size was distributed for each hospital proportionally and study
participants were selected by convenience sampling method. An interviewer administered
questioner was used to collect data. The data was entered and cleaned using Epi Info version
7 then analyzed using SPSS version 21 statistical package. Ethical approval and
Confidentiality were addressed accordingly. Result: A total number of 409 (96.9% response
rate) pregnant women were interviewed. From thus 82.4% (n=337) were knowledgeable and
70.9% (n=290) utilized PMTCT service. After controlling for confounders using multiple
logistic regression Age 26-37 years, Cost of transportation 10 birr and below and
Gestational age second trimester and third trimester were associated with knowledge of
PMTCT while Age 26-37 years, Number of pregnancy which is multigravida and Partners
who are tested with their spouse were found to increase pregnant women utilizing PMTCT
service. Conclusion: there was a relatively decreased level of knowledge and utilization
among pregnant women. This calls for a strong and continued effort from the public and
relevant other stake holders to increase mothers’ knowledge and utilization of PMTCT
service through education, increasing service accessibility, encouraging couples testing for
HIV during antenatal care and other women empowerment activities.
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Keywords
Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV, Knowledge, Utilization