Incidence and Associated Factors of Early Postoperative hypoxia Among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2023-04-23
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Hypoxia refers to insufficient oxygen in the blood. Any cause that influences the rate, volume of air entering the lungs (ventilation) or any cause that influences the transfer of air from the lungs to the blood may cause hypoxia. Hypoxia is a major complication in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) which is also the leading cause of anesthesia-associated mortality and morbidity. And there are few studies done to determine incidence and associated factors of early postoperative hypoxa in our country for which this study will be additional input in understanding the burden of the problem and its associated factors.
Objectives: To assess the incidence of early postoperative hypoxia and associated risk factors.
Methods: Institutional-based prospective observational study design was conducted from January 2022 – March 2023. A single population formula was used to estimate the sample size .Data was collected by anesthesiology residents and anesthetists preoperative and intraoperatively and by PACU nurses postoperatively. The collected data was verified, entered coded cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Multiple regression was applied to identify the determinant factors and association declared at p value<0.05.
Result: The incidence of early postoperative hypoxia is found to be 32%. Participant whose age ≥50 years (AOR=2.4, 95%CI=1.22, 4.83), BMI 25-24.9 and 30-39.9 (AOR=7.5, AOR=1.78, 31.29 & AOR=15.8, 95%CI=2.90, 86.31 respectively), anesthesia duration taking more than 2 hrs ( AOR=4.3, 95%CI=2.04, 9.24) and estimated blood loss >500ml (AOR=5.2, 9%CI=2.04, 13.46) likely of develop early postoperative hypoxia.
Conclusion and recommendation: The incidence of early postoperative hypoxia is significant and knowing the magnitude and paying attention to relevant predictive factors will help the clinician make better clinical decisions to ensure patient safety and postoperative recovery