Relationship Between Wild Rice Species of Ethiopia With Cultivated Rice Based on Issr Marker
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Date
2007-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Three wild rice populations of Ethiopia (one from Gambella and two from Gonder) and
three cultivated rice populations (O. sativa from Gonder, O. glaberrima from West
Africa and NERICA rice (NERICA-3; cultivar developed through interspecific
hybridization between O. sativa and O. glaberrima), from Gonder) were studied. Inter
simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as a molecular marker was used to assess genetic
diversity both within and between species using six ISSR primers, where four of them
were dinucleotides and two tetranucleotides primers. A total of 93 clear and reproducible
bands were amplified from the six ISSR primers. Both UPGMA and neighbor joining
trees were constructed for each individual and population using Jaccard’s similarity
coefficient of ‘0’ absent and ‘1’ present data. The trees clearly indicated six distinct
groups which are based on populations of origin. The PCO analysis also recovered the
UPGMA and neighbor joining trees groups, although wild Gonder-1 intermixed with
wild Gonder-2. O .glaberrima, O. sativa and NERICA-3 clustered as a major group while
O. barthii and O. longistaminata were clustered as the second major group. Such
clustering of O. glaberrima with O. sativa and NERICA-3 is considered to be due to
genetic admixture of O. glaberrima with O. sativa. The genetic diversity result generally
indicated that wild rice populations were found to have higher gene diversity (0.14) than
cultivated rice populations. The over all gene diversity and percent polymorphisms were
found to be higher in wild rice than in cultivars (0.11). The Shannon’s diversity index
also confirmed the existence of higher diversity in wild rice populations of Ethiopia than
cultivated species used in the present study. Furthermore, partitioning of the Shannon’s
diversity showed that the majority of the variations were observed among population
(63%). Similarly, AMOVA demonstrate highly significant (P=0.00) genetic differences
among populations within groups, among groups (cultivated and wild) and within
populations. Of the total variation, 49.4% was attributable to among populations within
groups, 26.4% to among groups and the least, 24.2% to within populations.
Key words: genetic diversity, wild rice populations, cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, Oryza
glaberrima, NERICA, ISSR
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Keywords
genetic diversity, wild rice populations, cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, Oryza glaberrima, NERICA, ISSR