Prevalence and associated risk factors of anti-tuberculosis drug induced liver injury among children seen in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital
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Date
2024-04
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Treatment of patients with tuberculosis (TB) requires careful
monitoring for a variety of adverse drug effects. Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver
injury (ATLI) is one of the most frequent and serious toxic effects during TB
treatment. In children, it is less common than adults, but can develop at any age or
any dosage of anti-TB drugs, with signs and symptoms frequently overlooked in
many cases. As compared to adults were various factors are reported to be associated
with higher risk to develop ATLI, in children, susceptibility related to ATLI have
been studied insufficiently.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors
of ATLI among children taking anti-TB therapy in Tikur Anbessa Specialized
Hospital (TASH), Pediatric Infectious Disease Clinic (PIDC) from January 1, 2021 -
December 31, 2022.
Method: Hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a total
of 144 selected patients at PIDC from January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2022 G.C.
Data was collected by using a standard checklist through Open Data Kit (ODK) form
from the patients’ cards and analyzed using SPSS version 27 software package. Mean,
and standard deviation were used to describe continuous data, and frequency and
percentage were used to describe categorical data. To identify factors associated with
ATLI bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done.
Statistical significance was considered at level of significance of 5%, and adjusted
odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to present the estimates
of the strength of the association.
Result: Among the 144 cases, ATLI was detected in 8 patients, with a prevalence of
5.6 %. Age group 5-15 years [AOR= 0.061; 95% CI: 0.007 – 0.52] and severe acute
malnutrition [AOR=13.2; 95% CI: 1.38 -126.3; p-value 0.025] were significantly
associated with ATLI prevalence.
Conclusion: This study indicated that close monitoring of ATLI should be performed
for children with severe acute malnutrition receiving anti-TB therapy.
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Keywords
Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury, prevalence, Risk factors, TASH, Ethiopia