MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND VACCINE MATCHING TEST OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUSES ISOLATED FROM OUTBREAK CASES IN CATTLE IN SELECTED SITES OF CENTRAL PART OF OROMIA, ETHIOPIA
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Date
2017-06
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Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most contagious, acute viral disease of all cloven-hoofed animals/ungulates or its host range is extremely wide being capable of infecting nearly 70 species within 20 families of mammals and pigs. Based on the occurrence of FMD outbreak and active cases, outbreak specimens were collected, to isolate viruses and to determine molecular characterization and vaccine matching test. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) investigation was conducted purposively in three closely located areas namely central Oromia; Addis Ababa and its surrounding Oromia zones, Bishoftu, Adama and its surroundings. A total of 41 samples comprising of tongue, inter digital tissue (n=20) and oropharyngeal fluid (n=21) were collected from suspected cattle. Sixteen representative samples were propagated in BHK21 cells. After 3 subsequent passages, progressive cytopathic effects (CPE) i.e., rounding and flattening of cells, breaking down of cells and finally cell death (almost 100%) were observed. Viral RNA was extracted from the grown viruses, and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using four sets of primers corresponding to the serotype ‗O‘, ‗A‘ SAT2 and ‗SAT1‘, respectively. Out of the 16 samples, 10 of them were diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and all of them were found to be positive for FMDV by universal primer, also sequenced using specific primers and all of them were found to be serotype ‗O‘. Out of the 10 specimens 3 of them were East Africa topotype 4 and 7 of them were not sequenced because they had not good sequence. Some FMDV isolates were characterized by virus neutralization test vaccine matching test. It is concluded that FMDV serotype ‗O‘ is circulating among the cattle of central part of Oromia, Ethiopia. Generally regular investigation of foot and mouth disease outbreaks is important to have more detailed information on the serotypes and topotypes circulating in Ethiopia and for effective vaccine development and control of the disease.
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MSc Thesis
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Cattle, FMDV, molecular characterisation, serotype O