Evaluation of the Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Aqueous Extracts of Leaves of Moringa Stenopetala on Some Blood Parameters,and Histopathology of Thyroid Gland, Pancreas and Adrenal Glands in Rats
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Date
2015-08
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Moringa stenopetala is a plant having vital traditional medicinal value used in human as anti
malarial, antihypertensive, anti diabetic and antispasmodic herbal medicine and also has high
nutritional value. This study was carried out to investigate the acute and sub-chronic toxicities
of aqueous extracts of leaves of M. stenopetala in rats. Changes on body & organ weight,
behavior, and gross pathology were investigated. Biochemical, blood parameters, lipid profiles
and histopathology of the thyroid gland, adrenal gland and pancreas were also studied.
In acute toxicity study, the rats were randomly divided in to four groups (3 rats/group) and the
experimental group received 500, 1000, 3000 and 6000mg/kg of the extracts, while the control
group received distilled water orally by gavages. In subchronic toxicity study, the experimental
rats were randomly divided into three groups 6 rats/group for female and 4 rats/group for
males. The experimental group in both sexes received 500 and 1500mg/kg of the extract in
group I and II respectively, whereas the control group received distilled water for 90 days once
daily. After 90 days of administration of the extract, the rats were anesthetized by diethyl ether
then the blood samples were collected and the rats were scarified and the thyroid gland,
adrenal glands and pancreas were removed, fixed, processed and stained for histological
examination.
In acute toxicity study, rats treated with up to dose of 6000mg/kg body weight showed no toxic
signs on behavior, gross pathology and body weight .In the sub-chronic toxicity study treated
rats showed no significant changes on behavior, gross pathology, hematological (except slight
decrement in WBC & platelets, p>0.05) and biochemical parameters (except organ & body
weight increment p>0.05), thyroid function test (except increment in TSH & T3, decrement in
T4) as compared with control rats. Lipid profiles also showed changes but not significant
statistically. There were no significant difference in the gross and histopathology of the thyroid
gland, adrenal gland and pancreas of the experimental rats as compared to control group.
These results show that the aqueous extraction of M.stenopetala did not produce adverse
effects in experimental rats after acute and sub-chronic treatment. Increment in TSH level might be due to the effect of the plant extract on hypothalamus, but change in T3 & T4 is related to its effect on the gland.
Key words: M.stenopetala, Toxicity, aqueous extract of leaves of M.stenopetala, TMP
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Keywords
M.stenopetala, Toxicity, Aqueous Extract of Leaves of M.stenopetala, TMP