CATTLE FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE PREVALENCE AND ITS DETEMINANTS IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF TIGRAY REGION, ETHIOPIA
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Date
2015-06
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Abstract
A cross-sectional serological study and questionnaire survey were conducted in two districts of Tigray Regional State with the objectives of determine the seroprevalence of FMD and assess potential risk factors associated with FMD occurrence in selected districts of Tigray region. The study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 400 cattle sera sample were collected and tested for antibodies against FMDV using 3ABC ELISA. Out of the total sera 39 (9.8%) were sero-positive and within districts Sheraro 30 (15%) and Seasie Tseada Emba 9(4.5%). Significantly higher prevalence was observed with different Peasant Association in that Adiaser 19.1% whereas lower prevalence was recorded in Saze 2.9%. There was a strong significance difference (p=0.000) in FMD prevalence between lowland 15% and highland 4.5%. Seroprevalence in different age groups showed significant variation 4.5% (8/177), 14.1% (28/198) and 12% (3/25) in age groups ≤ 4, 4-10 and >10 years (P<0.05). The seroprevalence in the different breeds was significantly higher (p= 0.002) in Begait 15% (30/200), compared to local and cross breeds 4.3% (6/139), 4.9% (3/61) respectively. The seroprevalence result between female and male were also recorded with values of 11.9% and 7.1% respectively, with no statistical difference between sexes (p= 0.108). In large herd size there was higher prevalence of FMD 22.7% than small herd size 6.2% with (p= 0.03). In addition, 90% of the respondents reported that there was no vaccination in the study area especially in Sheraro district. All respondents reported their cattle were used common watering point and grazing land. Farmers appears to have good knowledge of the clinical manifestation, seasonality and economic impact of FMD but not aware of the interspecies transmission of the disease between shoats (small ruminants), wildlife and due to contacts at watering and grazing points of risk factors. Further studies are also recommended to characterize the circulating FMDV serotypes in the areas and investigation in wildlife and small ruminant is needed to determine their roles in FMD virus maintenance and transmission.
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MSc Thesis
Keywords
Cattle, FMD, Prevalence, 3ABC Elisa