Bacteriological Quality and Safety Analysis of Commonly Consumed Fruit Juices and Vegetable Salads Sold in Some Selected Fruit Juice Houses in Addis Ababa
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Date
2017-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Fruit juices and vegetable salad are important components of healthy diet, an extraordinary dietary source of nutrients, vitamins and fiber for humans and thus vital for health and well-being. Contamination of fruit juices and vegetable salad by bacteria is a major food safety concern in developing countries. This study was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality and safety analysis of locally prepared unpasteurized fruit juices and vegetable salad sold in fruit juices houses in Addis Ababa city. Analysis of chemical treatment and resistance pathogenic bacteria in fruit juices and vegetable salad was also part of the investigation. Study samples were collected from 7 sub-sites in Addis Ababa and cross sectional study design was used. Accordingly, 61 samples of fruit juices and 21 samples of vegetable salad were randomly collected from fruit juice houses, analyzed by duplicate and mean values were reported. The mean total viable counts of Avocado, Mango, Mixed juice and Vegetable salad samples were 5.93 log cfu/ml, 5.88 log cfu/ml, 5.97 log cfu/ml and 6.06 log cfu/g respectively; showing higher bacterial load than the International Commission of Microbial Standard for Food (ICMSF). The mean total coliform count was highest in Avocado samples 1.17 log cfu/ml, and lowest in Mango samples 0.51 log cfu/ml. The mean fecal coliform counts were 0.09 log cfu/ml, 0.007 log cfu/ml, 0.04 log cfu/ml, and 0.07 log cfu/g for Avocado, Mango, Mixed juice and Vegetable salad samples respectively. Among the treatment chemicals used 0.1% sodium benzoate was the most effective in reduction of total viable count. Out of 84 samples pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli was detected in 32.1% samples and 3.6% samples were positive for Salmonella. The bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to common antibiotics using disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar and all of the pathogenic bacteria isolates were resistance to Vancomycine drug. Generally, 91.7% of juice and vegetable salad samples analyzed were high in their total viable count and 50% of all samples showed a total coliform count above gulf standard. Also all of the samples (44) collected in the afternoon were above but 7(15.9%) samples collected in the morning were below the maximum permissible limit.
Key Words: Bacteriological quality, ICMSF, Antibiotic, Antibiotic susceptibility.
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Keywords
Bacteriological quality, ICMSF, Antibiotic, Antibiotic susceptibility.