Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Hbv, Hiv and Syphilis Infections among Pregnant Women Attending at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2014-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background:Sexually transmitted infections (HIV, HBV and Syphilis) are major public health problemsworldwide with a highly prevalent in developing countries like Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Allof these common sexually transmitted infections share similar mode of transmission which isthese includes: receiving of blood through donation, ear piercing and history of abortion forHBV infection and sharing different sharp materials and contact history with infected person forHIV infection alone.
Conclusion:This study showed that HIV infection was similar with Addis Ababa HIV prevalence whereas;HBV infection was intermediate according to WHO classification. Syphilis was non-existing andHBV-HIV co-infection was very low. Therefore; not only for HIV but also for HBV infectionneeds to be screened for all pregnant women during pregnancy.
Key terms: HIV, HBsAg, Syphilis, Seroprevalence, risk factors, pregnant women horizontal and perinatal (vertical) transmission. Their complication isn’t only restricted to the pregnant women but also to their newborn infants; rather they affects concurrently.
Objective:This study has undertaken to determine sero-prevalence and risk factors of HBV, HIV andsyphilis infections among pregnant women attending at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, AddisAbaba, Ethiopia from January to April 2014.
Method:A descriptive-correlational study design conducted among 403 pregnant women attending atGandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia between January and April 2014. Participantsenrolled consecutively after consenting and an interview have conducted to obtain informationregarding risk factors. Blood have collected and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen usingrapid screening test strip and cassette device. After all; the final positive sample for HBsAgconfirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover; Antibodies to HIV-1/2tested based on the national testing algorism but Trepollema pallidum antibodies were bySyphilis Rapid Test Strip (Quick TestTM Syphilis Serum/ Plasma/Whole Blood Strip). Finally thedata entered using Epi Info version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 16 so as to recode, clean,validate and analyze.
Results:A total of 403 pregnant women with the mean age of 24.8 (SD+5.99) years old enrolled in thestudy. Overall, 21/403 (5.2%) and 20 /403 (5%) of the pregnant women were positive for HIVand HBsAg, respectively. The co-infection of HIV-HBV was 0.5% (2/403). However; no casesof Syphilis detected positive. In relation to the risk factors; history of sex with multiple sexualpartners, pre-exposure to STI and low level of monthly income were significantly associatewith both HBV and HIV, while each infection found to have additional different risk factors;
Description
Keywords
HIV HBsAg Syphilis Seroprevalence