Performance of non-medical laboratory professionals on HIV rapid testing and associated factors in public health facilities of Adama ,Oromia, Ethiopia.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: The implementation of HIV point-of-care testing and upgrading of the service in a
countries with highly HIV prevalent is mandatory. However, the studies related to accuracies are
remaining limited. As a need to get HIV testing increases, the testing strategies and technology shift to
rapid test (RT) and point of care test (POC) which were used to decentralize the testing and includes non
laboratory professionals as the complexity of the testing method was resolved.
Objective: the aim of this study was to assess performance and associated factors of non medical
laboratory professional working on rapid HIV testing in public health facilities of Adama, Oromia,
Ethiopia.
Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April, 2020. A total of
348 non medical laboratory professionals were considered determining their performance and associated
factors working on rapid HIV testing in health centers and hospital of Adama. Epidata version 3.1
was used for data entry and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis and P-Value less than 0.05 was
taken as statistically significant.
Results: Among 348 HIV rapid testing providers, 336 (96.6 %) could correctly detect negative and
positive panel samples and the rest 12 (3.4%) had discordant result during performance test evaluation.
From those who had discordant test result, 5(1.4%) had false positive reports and 7 (2%) had false
negative reports that were corrected through the algorithm on the final result. In the onsite checklist,
93(26.7%) had safety Manual at their working area where 255(73.3%) lack of safety Manual at point of
care. Regarding check up of expiry dates of the kits, 268(77.0%) doesn’t checked expiry dates of test Kits
where 80(23.0%) of them checked expiry dates of the kits. 308(88.5%) of non laboratory professionals
were managed data of quality elements of Registrations book contents and 155(44.55) non laboratory
professionals were lack of personnel trained on internal quality control and External quality assurance.
Statistical analysis by multi variable logistic regression indicated that, profession AOR 0.057(0.0060.579)
(95% CI), P=0.015 and Transfer right amount of sample AOR 51.799 (6.929-387.235) (95%CI)
P=0.001 were significantly associated with non-acceptable rapid HIV proficiency test result.
Conclusion: HIV rapid testing sites had (96.6%) performance score. False negative and false positive
results need attention since misdiagnosis leads to psychological, social and economic disturbances to the
community. Therefore, immediate intervention is needed based on identified findings. Less experience
non laboratory professionals shown lower Proficiency performances so this gaps might be minimized by
facilitating training on HIV rapid testing.
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Keywords
Evaluation, Performance, point of care testing, non laboratory profession