Land Use /Land Cover Change and its Implications on Land Surface Temperature Change in Addis Ababa and its Surrounding Area, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Land surface temperature is increasing as compared from year to year, mainly due to Land Use/ Land
Cover change. The research aimed to assess the Spatio-temporal change of Land surface temperature from
1990-2020 in Addis Abeba and the surrounding area. Rapid urbanization and unmanaged land-use lead to
fast change in LU/LC classes and cause an increase in Land surface temperature. Land surface temperature
is a key parameter as a showing of climate change and input for making planning and decision-making.
Knowing the impact of change in the land surface temperature of an area characterized by different land
use/ land cover, climate, topography, and vegetation serves to formulate land management and land-use
strategies. Land Use/Land Cover, normalized difference vegetation index, and Land Surface temperature
were extracted from Landsat TM (1990), Landsat ETM+ 2000, Landsat TIRS 2010, and Landsat 8 TIRS
2020 using geospatial tools. Land Surface temperature was calculated using the Split window algorithm
technique. The supervised classification algorithm was used in Land use /Land cover change detection
using Erdas imagine and ArcGIS software packages. The result of LU/LC of 1990 and 2000 showed that
the dominant classes were farmland and shrub whereas in 2010 and 2020 years the largest portion was
dominated by farmland, built up and grassland of the total area. The calculated NDVI result of 1990, 2000,
2010, and 2020 showed that the Entoto, Menagesha, and Yerer Mountain of the study area has a higher
value and these are Central parts of the study area around Addis Abeba town and water body areas have
relatively low NDVI values. The study indicated that the highest LST was recorded in 2020. The analysis
from such images indicated that the LST value of the study period ranged from the lowest LST value in
1990 36.8 °C to the highest LST value 38.3°C in 2020. The study implies the LST of different land classes
has increased from 1990 - 2020 as a result of the decrease in forest cover and vegetation cover in the study
area. In the present study, the zonal statics of LU/LC and LST result shows Land Surface Temperature has
an inverse relation with vegetation cover. Understanding the influence of LST on the environment possibly
will serve to land management and planning strategies focused on land Surface temperature mitigation and
the adaptation of study area to the challenges of climate change.
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Keywords
Landsat, LU/LC, NDVI, LST, GIS, RS