The magnitude of premature coronary artery disease and its associated factors among patients who underwent coronary angiography at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2024-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing
countries with occurrence at a young age and association with diverse cardiovascular risk factors.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of premature coronary artery
disease and its associated factors among patients who underwent coronary angiography at Tikur
Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
on 218 patients who underwent coronary angiography between May 2017 and June 2023. Data
on patients’ sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, metabolic
profile, cardiac imaging, and angiographic findings was collected using a structured data
abstraction checklist from patient medical records. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression
were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables using SPSS
version 25. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength
of the association, while a p-value<0.05 was used to declare the significance of the association.
Result: A total of 218 patients’ medical records were analyzed and revealed a median age of 55
years with male predominance (82.1%). Forty (18.3%) of patients were diagnosed to have
premature coronary artery disease (CAD) among a hundred fifty-eight (72.5 %) patients who had
angiographically confirmed CAD. Male sex (AOR=3.5, 95%CI: 1.492,8.367), hypertension
(AOR=2.8, 95% CI: 1.162,6.767), low HDL (AOR=2.3, 95% CI:1.025,5.191) and admission
diagnosis of chronic coronary syndrome (AOR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.035,4.762) were significantly
associated with premature CAD.
Conclusion: The magnitude of premature coronary artery disease at TASH is high. It is
significantly associated with male sex, hypertension, low HDL, and admission diagnosis of
chronic coronary syndrome. Tremendous effort should be applied to preventing, early detection,
and control of hypertension and Low HDL at the community and individual level.
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Keywords
Premature Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Angiography, Magnitude.