A Hisory of Horro District, 1910-1991
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Date
2015-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
This paper deals with a history of Horro district from 1910 to 1991. The core of the study deals
with the settlement patterns, the livelihood and administration of the people of Horro district
under the regimes of Haile Sillassie and the Darg. It was at Oda Bisil that the Jawi clans of the
Arfe groups split from the rest clans and turned north and settled in the present day Horro
district. The Horro Oromo who were collectively called Horro-Horritti with the passage of time
extended in to different directions and settled between the Anger River and the Finca 'a River.
The people of Horro believed in Waaqa since time immemorial. The people also give due respect
to Qaallu. With the passage of time, however, the Qaallu Institution in Horro continued to
decline because of various reasons.
The local attempt of Abishe Garba of Gobaya clan to establish a strong Oromo kingdom in
Horro in the second half of the 19,h century was interrupted by the illegal expansion of the
GOJjame force in to the area and the neighboring districts. Despite their defeat at the battle of
Embabo, the Gojjameforce established aftI'm control on Horro IInti11901. With the evacuation
of the Gojjame force from Horro in the early 20,h century, however, the Shawans imposed the
new social, political and economic system over the area.
Horro district as part and parcel of northern Wallagga was occupied by the Italians in 1936.
Despite their short reign, the Italians were known in bringing different reforms ill Horro. On the
other hand the post liberation period was the period of harsh exploitation for the mass of the
Horro people. With the fall of the Imperial regime the political, social and economic condition of
Horro people changed. The Darg's new reform was soon followed by other legislations and
declarations. Even though there was wide spread opposition among the Horro people against
such legislations and declarations, the Darg implemented them almost forcefitlly. Such
obligatOlY decree in Horro increased institutional instability and created uncertainty and
mistrust among the people against the regime.
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Keywords
Hisory of Horro District