Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and Associated Factors in Children with Cerebral Palsy in Black Lion Hospital Neurologic and Developmental Clinic, Addisababa, Ethiopia; A Cross-Sectional Study
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Date
2025-04-15
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction:Sleep is critical for optimal growth and developmental outcomes in children. Those with cerebral palsy (CP) experience sleep disorders (SDs) at higher rates than neurotypical peers, with disruptions in sleep initiation/maintenance, sleep-wake transitions, excessive daytime sleepiness, and night awakenings being prevalent. These disturbances significantly impair quality of life. This study assessed the prevalence of SDs and associated factors among children with CP at Black Lion Hospital’s Neurologic and Developmental Clinic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of SDs and identify contributing factors in children with CP attending Black Lion Hospital’s Neurology and Developmental Clinic.
Methods:An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025, involving 119 children selected via systematic sampling. Data were collected using the validated Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), administered by trained personnel, and analyzed in SPSS v25. Descriptive statistics (mean/median for continuous variables; percentages for categorical variables) and logistic regression (bivariate and multivariate models) were used to determine associations, with adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported.
Results: Among 119 participants, SD prevalence was 37% (95% CI: 26.0–47.9%). Disorders of initiating/maintaining sleep were most common (52.9%, n=63). Significant predictors included:- Spastic CP subtype (AOR=10.60; 95% CI: 1.34–83.47; *p*=0.025)- Male sex (AOR=13.23; 95% CI: 1.84–95.08; *p*=0.010)- Urban residence (AOR=3.15; 95% CI: 0.68–14.53; *p*=0.014)-Severe motor impairment(GMFCS Level V: AOR=5.70; 95% CI: 0.97–33.53; *p*=0.034; Level IV: AOR=3.55; 95% CI: 1.03–12.16; *p*=0.044)-Bed-sharing (AOR=8.39; 95% CI: 1.21–58.13; *p*=0.031)
Conclusion and Recommendation: SD prevalence among children with CP at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) is substantial, with spastic CP, male sex, urban residence, severe motor dysfunction, and bed sharing identified as key factors. Routine objective sleep assessments for CP patients are recommended to guide targeted interventions.
Keywords: Sleep disorders, Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), Cerebral Palsy, Tikur AnbesaSpecializedHospital(TASH),Ethiopia
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Keywords
Sleep disorders Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) Cerebral Palsy Tikur AnbesaSpecializedHospital(TASH) Ethiopia