Prevalence and associated factors of pneumonia among under-five children at public hospitals in Jimma zone, South West of Ethiopia, 2018.
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Background: It is estimated that in Ethiopia 3.37 Million children encounter pneumonia annually which contributes to 18 per cent of all causes of deaths killing over 40,000 under-five children every year. These deaths are easily preventable and treatable through simple and cost effective interventions.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of pneumonia among under -five children at public hospitals in Jimma Zone, South West, Ethiopia.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 306 participants and systematic random sampling was applied. Data was collected by interview method using structured questionnaire. To control data quality data collectors and a supervisor was trained for two days, pretest was done on 5 % of a sample size, and completeness and consistencies of questionnaires was checked. The data was entered in to EPIDATA version 3.1 and then exported to Statistical Package for Social Science version 23 for analysis. All variables were used in the bivariate logistic regression. To determine potential predictors of under-five pneumonia variables with p value less than 0.2 were further considered for multivariate logistic regression and P value <0.05 at 95% Confidence interval was declared statistically significant association.
Result: Prevalence of pneumonia among under-five children was 28.1%. Use wood as fuel source(P= 0.003, AOR=3.45), cook food in living room(P= 0.008, AOR= 3.34), caring of the child on mothers back or besides the mother during cooking (P= 0.008, AOR= 2.96), absence of windows in the kitchen(P= 0.001, AOR= 2.5), children who unvaccinated(P= 0.004, AOR= 4.6), Vitamin A supplementation(P= 0.002, AOR= 0.168), mixed breast feeding during 6 months(P= 0.014, AOR= 3.26), moderate acute malnutrition(P= 0.002, AOR= 4) and child history of ARTI(P= 0.004, AOR= 4) were a potential determinates of under-five children pneumonia.
Conclusion and Recommendations: This studies show that the prevalence of under-five pneumonia was high. Therefore, by make intervention on potential determinates such as: by Ventilate and improved housing conditions, give health education on exclusive breastfeeding, increase immunization and Vitamin A supplementation, improve child nutritional status, and early control of respiratory tract infection we can reduce under-five pneumonia.
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under five pneumonia, assonated factors, prevalence and Jimma zone.