Hydraulic Performance Modeling and Improvements of Water Supply Distribution Systems
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Date
2018-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Water Supply Distribution Systems Utilities are designed to deliver safe, reliable,
affordable, and continuous supplying and distribution of potable water to end users
throughout 24 hours. As time elapsed, meeting these commitments embraces multiple
challenges in urban areas. The objectives of this work are to evaluate the hydraulic
performance of water supply distribution system by assessing the situation of existing
water supply distribution system. Also, it was mainly emphasized to estimate the physical
water loss in the system to improve the efficacies of the water distribution systems
networks to suggest some remedial measures. Water GEMS software was used as a tool
to model water distribution system. The model can be used to identify the high pressure
and low pressure in the junctions and magnitude of velocity and head loss through pipes
were used as base to evaluate the hydraulic performance. Modeling results showed
violation of maximum and minimum pressure and low velocity requirements. High
pressures in the system occurred both during low demand and peak demand have to be
identified and remedial measures is established using pressure reducing valves. It is also
proposed to install air release valves at high elevation and sluice valves at low elevations.
Modifications in operation and design will improve the current situation of the case study
water supply distribution system.
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Keywords
Water Distribution System, Water GEMS Modeling, Hydraulic Performance, Maximum pressure, Minimum pressure, Water Loss, Ginchi, Oromia, Ethiopia