Quality of Nursing Care and Associated Factors in Intensive Care Units of Selected Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2025
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Date
2025-06-27
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: The quality of nursing care in intensive care units (ICUs) is a critical
determinant of patient outcomes and satisfaction, particularly in high-stakes environments
such as those found in public hospitals. In Ethiopia, where healthcare resources are often
limited and related literature is rather scarce, understanding the dynamics of nursing care
quality is essential for improving health services.
Objective: To assess quality of nursing care and associated factors in intensive care units of
selected public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2025
Methods: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to
February 30, 2025, among nurses working in intensive care units of selected public hospitals
in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All eligible nurses within the study settings were included,
employing a total population sampling approach. Data were collected using a standardized,
self-administered Quality Nursing Care Scale for Intensive Care (ICU-I-QNCS)
questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Kobo Toolbox and analyzed using SPSS
version 26. Descriptive statistics summarized participants’ characteristics. Bivariable and
multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the
quality of nursing care. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were
calculated, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The
findings were presented using text, tables, and figures.
Results: A total of 165 respondents participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of
98.8%. Males constituted 55.8% (n = 92) of the sample. The median age was 30 years, with
an interquartile range of 28 to 32 years. Overall, 75.8% (n = 125) of participants
demonstrated adequate knowledge of quality nursing care; however, only 27.9% (n = 46;
95% CI: 21.0–34.8) provided care that met acceptable quality standards. Multivariate logistic
regression analysis indicated that higher educational attainment (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI: 1.72
7.98) and adequate knowledge of quality nursing care (AOR = 3.28; 95% CI: 1.14–9.46)
were significantly associated with the provision of acceptable quality nursing care.
Conclusions: A substantial majority (72.1%) of nurses delivered care below acceptable
quality standards. We recommend that hospital authorities strengthen efforts to ensure
compliance with nursing care quality standards. These findings can inform policy
development aimed at enhancing care quality in health facilities.
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Keywords
quality of nursing care, associated factors, intensive care units, Ethiopia