Health Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients in Selected Government Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
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Date
2021-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Repeated bouts of Group A streptococcal throat infection, if left untreated, could result inRheumatic Heart Disease (RHD). RHD is believed to significantly affect health-related qualityof life (HRQoL) due to its chronicity, scarce treatment options and downward debilitating prognosis. This study intends to assess HRQoL and its associated factors among Rheumatic
Heart Disease patients in Selected Government Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This facilitybased cross-sectional study was conducted in 297 RHD patients on follow- up at two publichospitals with dedicated cardiac clinic for adults who consented and completed the study, giving response rate of 100%. Respondents were selected by systematic random sampling. A structured questionnaire from Medical outcomes study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) Health Survey was used for data collection from March1-31, 2021. Eight domains and two summary scores of SF-36 for study participants were computed and analyzed in comparison to national normative data as per the guideline for the instrument. Independent t test and ANOVA were used to compete means between groups and analyze relationships between variables and Qulin RHD patients. RHD patients scored lower on all eight domains of SF- 36 and two summary scores compared to general population. Relatively high mean score was found on SocialFunctioning (70.33 ± 31.67), Bodily pain (69.40 ± 34.73) and Mental Health (67.68 ± 22.82)domains and lower mean scores obtained from Vitality (52.95 ± 23.80) and Role functioning physical (58.16 ± 47.16). Female gender, Older age, Divorced or Widowed marital status and Lower educational background were inversely associated with the QoL. Undergoing surgical intervention and lower number of medications were found to have strong association with better QoL. Taking cut point 45 for individual’s summary score, about half of study population is found to have poor HRQoL. And similarly, as a group also HRQoL is relatively poor in RHDpatients in comparison to the general population. Incorporating assessment of HRQoL inclinical evaluation of RHD patients is advised. Longitudinal study should be considered toconfirm cause effect relationship of factors that affect HRQoL in RHD patients.
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Keywords
Health related quality of life, Rheumatic heart disease, SF-36 health survey